Terminus advance, kinematics and mass redistribution during eight surges of Donjek Glacier, St. Elias Range, Canada, 1935 to 2016
Donjek Glacier has an unusually short and regular surge cycle, with eight surges identified since 1935 from aerial photographs and satellite imagery with a ~12 year repeat interval and ~2 year active phase. Recent surges occurred during a period of long-term negative mass balance and cumulative term...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Glaciology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143019000340/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1827994403932733440 |
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| author | WILLIAM KOCHTITZKY HESTER JISKOOT LUKE COPLAND ELLYN ENDERLIN ROBERT MCNABB KARL KREUTZ BRITTANY MAIN |
| author_facet | WILLIAM KOCHTITZKY HESTER JISKOOT LUKE COPLAND ELLYN ENDERLIN ROBERT MCNABB KARL KREUTZ BRITTANY MAIN |
| author_sort | WILLIAM KOCHTITZKY |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Donjek Glacier has an unusually short and regular surge cycle, with eight surges identified since 1935 from aerial photographs and satellite imagery with a ~12 year repeat interval and ~2 year active phase. Recent surges occurred during a period of long-term negative mass balance and cumulative terminus retreat of 2.5 km since 1874. In contrast to previous work, we find that the constriction where the valley narrows and bedrock lithology changes, 21 km from the terminus, represents the upper limit of surging, with negligible surface speed or elevation change up-glacier from this location. This positions the entire surge-type portion of the glacier in the ablation zone. The constriction geometry does not act as the dynamic balance line, which we consistently find at 8 km from the glacier terminus. During the 2012–2014 surge event, the average lowering rate in the lowest 21 km of the glacier was 9.6 m a−1, while during quiescence it was 1.0 m a−1. Due to reservoir zone refilling, the ablation zone has a positive geodetic balance in years immediately following a surge event. An active surge phase can result in a strongly negative geodetic mass balance over the surge-type portion of the glacier. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:40:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-273effeb0b70490f94cb7b86ff2b4f80 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0022-1430 1727-5652 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:40:26Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Glaciology |
| spelling | doaj.art-273effeb0b70490f94cb7b86ff2b4f802023-03-09T12:40:48ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Glaciology0022-14301727-56522019-08-016556557910.1017/jog.2019.34Terminus advance, kinematics and mass redistribution during eight surges of Donjek Glacier, St. Elias Range, Canada, 1935 to 2016WILLIAM KOCHTITZKY0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9487-1509HESTER JISKOOT1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0849-5223LUKE COPLAND2ELLYN ENDERLIN3ROBERT MCNABB4KARL KREUTZ5BRITTANY MAIN6School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USADepartment of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, CanadaDepartment of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaSchool of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA Department of Geosciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USADepartment of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwaySchool of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USADepartment of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaDonjek Glacier has an unusually short and regular surge cycle, with eight surges identified since 1935 from aerial photographs and satellite imagery with a ~12 year repeat interval and ~2 year active phase. Recent surges occurred during a period of long-term negative mass balance and cumulative terminus retreat of 2.5 km since 1874. In contrast to previous work, we find that the constriction where the valley narrows and bedrock lithology changes, 21 km from the terminus, represents the upper limit of surging, with negligible surface speed or elevation change up-glacier from this location. This positions the entire surge-type portion of the glacier in the ablation zone. The constriction geometry does not act as the dynamic balance line, which we consistently find at 8 km from the glacier terminus. During the 2012–2014 surge event, the average lowering rate in the lowest 21 km of the glacier was 9.6 m a−1, while during quiescence it was 1.0 m a−1. Due to reservoir zone refilling, the ablation zone has a positive geodetic balance in years immediately following a surge event. An active surge phase can result in a strongly negative geodetic mass balance over the surge-type portion of the glacier.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143019000340/type/journal_articleglacier hazardsglacier surgesice dynamicsremote sensing |
| spellingShingle | WILLIAM KOCHTITZKY HESTER JISKOOT LUKE COPLAND ELLYN ENDERLIN ROBERT MCNABB KARL KREUTZ BRITTANY MAIN Terminus advance, kinematics and mass redistribution during eight surges of Donjek Glacier, St. Elias Range, Canada, 1935 to 2016 Journal of Glaciology glacier hazards glacier surges ice dynamics remote sensing |
| title | Terminus advance, kinematics and mass redistribution during eight surges of Donjek Glacier, St. Elias Range, Canada, 1935 to 2016 |
| title_full | Terminus advance, kinematics and mass redistribution during eight surges of Donjek Glacier, St. Elias Range, Canada, 1935 to 2016 |
| title_fullStr | Terminus advance, kinematics and mass redistribution during eight surges of Donjek Glacier, St. Elias Range, Canada, 1935 to 2016 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Terminus advance, kinematics and mass redistribution during eight surges of Donjek Glacier, St. Elias Range, Canada, 1935 to 2016 |
| title_short | Terminus advance, kinematics and mass redistribution during eight surges of Donjek Glacier, St. Elias Range, Canada, 1935 to 2016 |
| title_sort | terminus advance kinematics and mass redistribution during eight surges of donjek glacier st elias range canada 1935 to 2016 |
| topic | glacier hazards glacier surges ice dynamics remote sensing |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143019000340/type/journal_article |
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