Combustion Characteristics of Fallen Fall Leaves from Ornamental Trees in City and Forest Parks
Combustion characteristics of leaves fallen off ornamental trees in city and forest parks were evaluated. The moisture content of the leaves at the time of falling was between Wr = 36.1 and 46.9%. The average contents of the individual elements in the combustible material were Cdaf = 48.1%, Hdaf = 6...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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North Carolina State University
2015-07-01
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| Series: | BioResources |
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| Online Access: | http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_10_3_5563_Pnakovic_Combustion_Fallen_Leaves |
| _version_ | 1818421876611874816 |
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| author | Ľubomír Pňakovič Ladislav Dzurenda |
| author_facet | Ľubomír Pňakovič Ladislav Dzurenda |
| author_sort | Ľubomír Pňakovič |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Combustion characteristics of leaves fallen off ornamental trees in city and forest parks were evaluated. The moisture content of the leaves at the time of falling was between Wr = 36.1 and 46.9%. The average contents of the individual elements in the combustible material were Cdaf = 48.1%, Hdaf = 6.1%, Ndaf = 1.2%, Sdaf = 0.1%, and Odaf = 44.6%. The resulting ash from the dry leaves varied between Ad = 4.8 and 13.1%. The heat of combustion of the dry leaves was between Qs = 16,046 and 20,247 kJ.kg-1, and the lower heating value was between Qn = 13,479 and 19,120 kJ.kg-1. The results were compared with dry firewood of hard deciduous trees. The higher heating value of the dry leaves was 11.7% lower and the lower heating value was also lower by 15.1%. The decline of these basic combustion characteristics is caused mostly by its high ash content and to a smaller extent by the increased nitrogen content. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:17:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-274224ead0634c75a0b8ad7d186703c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1930-2126 1930-2126 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:17:20Z |
| publishDate | 2015-07-01 |
| publisher | North Carolina State University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BioResources |
| spelling | doaj.art-274224ead0634c75a0b8ad7d186703c12022-12-21T23:00:01ZengNorth Carolina State UniversityBioResources1930-21261930-21262015-07-011035563557210.15376/biores.10.3.5563-5572Combustion Characteristics of Fallen Fall Leaves from Ornamental Trees in City and Forest ParksĽubomír Pňakovič0Ladislav Dzurenda1Department of Woodworking, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 2117/24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic; SlovakiaDepartment of Woodworking, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 2117/24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic; SlovakiaCombustion characteristics of leaves fallen off ornamental trees in city and forest parks were evaluated. The moisture content of the leaves at the time of falling was between Wr = 36.1 and 46.9%. The average contents of the individual elements in the combustible material were Cdaf = 48.1%, Hdaf = 6.1%, Ndaf = 1.2%, Sdaf = 0.1%, and Odaf = 44.6%. The resulting ash from the dry leaves varied between Ad = 4.8 and 13.1%. The heat of combustion of the dry leaves was between Qs = 16,046 and 20,247 kJ.kg-1, and the lower heating value was between Qn = 13,479 and 19,120 kJ.kg-1. The results were compared with dry firewood of hard deciduous trees. The higher heating value of the dry leaves was 11.7% lower and the lower heating value was also lower by 15.1%. The decline of these basic combustion characteristics is caused mostly by its high ash content and to a smaller extent by the increased nitrogen content.http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_10_3_5563_Pnakovic_Combustion_Fallen_LeavesBiofuelLeavesElemental analysis of combustibleHumidityAshHigher heating valueLower heating value |
| spellingShingle | Ľubomír Pňakovič Ladislav Dzurenda Combustion Characteristics of Fallen Fall Leaves from Ornamental Trees in City and Forest Parks BioResources Biofuel Leaves Elemental analysis of combustible Humidity Ash Higher heating value Lower heating value |
| title | Combustion Characteristics of Fallen Fall Leaves from Ornamental Trees in City and Forest Parks |
| title_full | Combustion Characteristics of Fallen Fall Leaves from Ornamental Trees in City and Forest Parks |
| title_fullStr | Combustion Characteristics of Fallen Fall Leaves from Ornamental Trees in City and Forest Parks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combustion Characteristics of Fallen Fall Leaves from Ornamental Trees in City and Forest Parks |
| title_short | Combustion Characteristics of Fallen Fall Leaves from Ornamental Trees in City and Forest Parks |
| title_sort | combustion characteristics of fallen fall leaves from ornamental trees in city and forest parks |
| topic | Biofuel Leaves Elemental analysis of combustible Humidity Ash Higher heating value Lower heating value |
| url | http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_10_3_5563_Pnakovic_Combustion_Fallen_Leaves |
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