Sarilumab Administration in COVID-19 Patients: Literature Review and Considerations
Two years have passed since WHO declared a pandemic state for SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 pathogenesis consists of a first viral phase responsible for early symptoms followed by an inflammatory phase, cytokine-mediated, responsible for late-onset manifestations up to ARDS. The dysregulated immune...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Infectious Disease Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/14/3/40 |
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| author | Andrea Marino Antonio Munafò Egle Augello Carlo Maria Bellanca Carmelo Bonomo Manuela Ceccarelli Nicolò Musso Giuseppina Cantarella Bruno Cacopardo Renato Bernardini |
| author_facet | Andrea Marino Antonio Munafò Egle Augello Carlo Maria Bellanca Carmelo Bonomo Manuela Ceccarelli Nicolò Musso Giuseppina Cantarella Bruno Cacopardo Renato Bernardini |
| author_sort | Andrea Marino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Two years have passed since WHO declared a pandemic state for SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 pathogenesis consists of a first viral phase responsible for early symptoms followed by an inflammatory phase, cytokine-mediated, responsible for late-onset manifestations up to ARDS. The dysregulated immune response has an outstanding role in the progression of pulmonary damage in COVID-19. IL-6, through the induction of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, plays a key role in the development and maintenance of inflammation, acting as a pioneer of the hyperinflammatory condition and cytokine storm in severe COVID-19. Therefore, drugs targeting both IL-6 and IL-6 receptors have been evaluated in order to blunt the abnormal SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine release. Sarilumab, a high-affinity anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, may represent a promising weapon to treat the fearsome hyperinflammatory phase by improving the outcome of patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Further prospective and well-designed clinical studies with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up are needed to assess the efficacy and the safety of this therapeutic approach to achieve improved outcomes in COVID-19. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:37:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27427e1e8836400083c48ab7fd070f83 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2036-7449 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:37:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infectious Disease Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-27427e1e8836400083c48ab7fd070f832023-11-23T16:56:49ZengMDPI AGInfectious Disease Reports2036-74492022-05-0114336037110.3390/idr14030040Sarilumab Administration in COVID-19 Patients: Literature Review and ConsiderationsAndrea Marino0Antonio Munafò1Egle Augello2Carlo Maria Bellanca3Carmelo Bonomo4Manuela Ceccarelli5Nicolò Musso6Giuseppina Cantarella7Bruno Cacopardo8Renato Bernardini9Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, ItalyUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, ItalyTwo years have passed since WHO declared a pandemic state for SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 pathogenesis consists of a first viral phase responsible for early symptoms followed by an inflammatory phase, cytokine-mediated, responsible for late-onset manifestations up to ARDS. The dysregulated immune response has an outstanding role in the progression of pulmonary damage in COVID-19. IL-6, through the induction of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, plays a key role in the development and maintenance of inflammation, acting as a pioneer of the hyperinflammatory condition and cytokine storm in severe COVID-19. Therefore, drugs targeting both IL-6 and IL-6 receptors have been evaluated in order to blunt the abnormal SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine release. Sarilumab, a high-affinity anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, may represent a promising weapon to treat the fearsome hyperinflammatory phase by improving the outcome of patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Further prospective and well-designed clinical studies with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up are needed to assess the efficacy and the safety of this therapeutic approach to achieve improved outcomes in COVID-19.https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/14/3/40COVID-19cytokinesIL-6IL-6Rsarilumab |
| spellingShingle | Andrea Marino Antonio Munafò Egle Augello Carlo Maria Bellanca Carmelo Bonomo Manuela Ceccarelli Nicolò Musso Giuseppina Cantarella Bruno Cacopardo Renato Bernardini Sarilumab Administration in COVID-19 Patients: Literature Review and Considerations Infectious Disease Reports COVID-19 cytokines IL-6 IL-6R sarilumab |
| title | Sarilumab Administration in COVID-19 Patients: Literature Review and Considerations |
| title_full | Sarilumab Administration in COVID-19 Patients: Literature Review and Considerations |
| title_fullStr | Sarilumab Administration in COVID-19 Patients: Literature Review and Considerations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sarilumab Administration in COVID-19 Patients: Literature Review and Considerations |
| title_short | Sarilumab Administration in COVID-19 Patients: Literature Review and Considerations |
| title_sort | sarilumab administration in covid 19 patients literature review and considerations |
| topic | COVID-19 cytokines IL-6 IL-6R sarilumab |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7449/14/3/40 |
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