Effects of Rainfall on the Characteristics of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Wetland of Qinghai Lake
Niaodao, a lakeside wetland, was used as the focus of this study to investigate the effect of rainfall changes on the greenhouse gas fluxes of wetland ecosystems. Wetland plots with different moisture characteristics (+25%, −25%, +75%, and −75% rainfall treatments and the control treatment (CK)) wer...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Atmosphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/1/129 |
| _version_ | 1797495799624499200 |
|---|---|
| author | Ziwei Yang Kelong Chen Fumei Liu Zihan Che |
| author_facet | Ziwei Yang Kelong Chen Fumei Liu Zihan Che |
| author_sort | Ziwei Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Niaodao, a lakeside wetland, was used as the focus of this study to investigate the effect of rainfall changes on the greenhouse gas fluxes of wetland ecosystems. Wetland plots with different moisture characteristics (+25%, −25%, +75%, and −75% rainfall treatments and the control treatment (CK)) were constructed to observe in situ field greenhouse gas emissions at 11:00 and 15:00 (when the daily mean values were similar) in the growing season from May to August 2020 by static chamber–gas chromatography and to investigate the responses of wetland greenhouse gases to different rainfall treatments. The results showed the following: (1) The carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) flux ranged from −49.409 to 374.548 mg·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>. The mean CO<sub>2</sub> emission flux was greater at 11:00 than at 15:00, and the +25% and +75% treatments exhibited substantially higher CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. In addition, the CO<sub>2</sub> flux showed a small peak at the beginning of the growing season when the temperature first started to rise. All treatments showed the effect of the CO<sub>2</sub> source, and their effects were significantly different. (2) The methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) flux ranged from −213.839 to 330.976 µg·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup> and exhibited an absorption state at 11:00 and an emission state at 15:00. The CH<sub>4</sub> emission flux in August (the peak growing season) differed greatly between treatments and was significantly negatively correlated with the rainfall amount (<i>p</i> < 0.05). (3) The nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) flux ranged from −10.457 to 16.878 µg·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup> and exhibited a weak source effect throughout the growing season, but it was not significantly correlated with soil moisture; it was, however, negatively correlated with soil temperature. (4) The different treatments resulted in significant differences in soil physical and chemical properties (electrical conductivity, pH, total soil carbon, and total soil nitrogen). The rainfall enhancement treatments significantly improved soil physical and chemical properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:55:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2745a4ee2cf3474980dbf4c9a7560f41 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:55:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-2745a4ee2cf3474980dbf4c9a7560f412023-11-23T12:57:38ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-01-0113112910.3390/atmos13010129Effects of Rainfall on the Characteristics of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Wetland of Qinghai LakeZiwei Yang0Kelong Chen1Fumei Liu2Zihan Che3School of Geographical Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, ChinaKey Laboratory of Natural Geography and Environmental Processes of Qinghai Province, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, ChinaSchool of Geographical Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, ChinaKey Laboratory of Natural Geography and Environmental Processes of Qinghai Province, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, ChinaNiaodao, a lakeside wetland, was used as the focus of this study to investigate the effect of rainfall changes on the greenhouse gas fluxes of wetland ecosystems. Wetland plots with different moisture characteristics (+25%, −25%, +75%, and −75% rainfall treatments and the control treatment (CK)) were constructed to observe in situ field greenhouse gas emissions at 11:00 and 15:00 (when the daily mean values were similar) in the growing season from May to August 2020 by static chamber–gas chromatography and to investigate the responses of wetland greenhouse gases to different rainfall treatments. The results showed the following: (1) The carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) flux ranged from −49.409 to 374.548 mg·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>. The mean CO<sub>2</sub> emission flux was greater at 11:00 than at 15:00, and the +25% and +75% treatments exhibited substantially higher CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. In addition, the CO<sub>2</sub> flux showed a small peak at the beginning of the growing season when the temperature first started to rise. All treatments showed the effect of the CO<sub>2</sub> source, and their effects were significantly different. (2) The methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) flux ranged from −213.839 to 330.976 µg·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup> and exhibited an absorption state at 11:00 and an emission state at 15:00. The CH<sub>4</sub> emission flux in August (the peak growing season) differed greatly between treatments and was significantly negatively correlated with the rainfall amount (<i>p</i> < 0.05). (3) The nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) flux ranged from −10.457 to 16.878 µg·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup> and exhibited a weak source effect throughout the growing season, but it was not significantly correlated with soil moisture; it was, however, negatively correlated with soil temperature. (4) The different treatments resulted in significant differences in soil physical and chemical properties (electrical conductivity, pH, total soil carbon, and total soil nitrogen). The rainfall enhancement treatments significantly improved soil physical and chemical properties.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/1/129lakeside wetlandgreenhouse gas fluxesstatic chamber–gas chromatographyrainfall changes |
| spellingShingle | Ziwei Yang Kelong Chen Fumei Liu Zihan Che Effects of Rainfall on the Characteristics of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Wetland of Qinghai Lake Atmosphere lakeside wetland greenhouse gas fluxes static chamber–gas chromatography rainfall changes |
| title | Effects of Rainfall on the Characteristics of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Wetland of Qinghai Lake |
| title_full | Effects of Rainfall on the Characteristics of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Wetland of Qinghai Lake |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Rainfall on the Characteristics of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Wetland of Qinghai Lake |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Rainfall on the Characteristics of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Wetland of Qinghai Lake |
| title_short | Effects of Rainfall on the Characteristics of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Wetland of Qinghai Lake |
| title_sort | effects of rainfall on the characteristics of soil greenhouse gas emissions in the wetland of qinghai lake |
| topic | lakeside wetland greenhouse gas fluxes static chamber–gas chromatography rainfall changes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/1/129 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ziweiyang effectsofrainfallonthecharacteristicsofsoilgreenhousegasemissionsinthewetlandofqinghailake AT kelongchen effectsofrainfallonthecharacteristicsofsoilgreenhousegasemissionsinthewetlandofqinghailake AT fumeiliu effectsofrainfallonthecharacteristicsofsoilgreenhousegasemissionsinthewetlandofqinghailake AT zihanche effectsofrainfallonthecharacteristicsofsoilgreenhousegasemissionsinthewetlandofqinghailake |