Effects of Jumping Phase, Leading Limb, and Arena Surface Type on Forelimb Hoof Movement
During the stance phase of equine locomotion, ground reaction forces are exerted on the hoof, leading first to rapid deceleration (“braking”) and later to acceleration (“propulsion”) as the hoof leaves the ground. Excessive hoof deceleration has been identified as a risk factor for musculoskeletal i...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/13/2122 |
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| author | Christina M. Rohlf Tanya C. Garcia Lyndsey J. Marsh Elizabeth V. Acutt Sarah S. le Jeune Susan M. Stover |
| author_facet | Christina M. Rohlf Tanya C. Garcia Lyndsey J. Marsh Elizabeth V. Acutt Sarah S. le Jeune Susan M. Stover |
| author_sort | Christina M. Rohlf |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During the stance phase of equine locomotion, ground reaction forces are exerted on the hoof, leading first to rapid deceleration (“braking”) and later to acceleration (“propulsion”) as the hoof leaves the ground. Excessive hoof deceleration has been identified as a risk factor for musculoskeletal injury and may be influenced by arena surface properties. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the effect of arena surface type (dirt, synthetic) on hoof translation of the leading and trailing forelimbs during jump takeoff and landing. Solar hoof angle, displacement, velocity, and deceleration were captured using kinematic markers and high-speed video for four horses jumping over a 1.1 m oxer at 12 different arenas (5 dirt, 7 synthetic). Surface vertical impact and horizontal shear properties were measured simultaneously. The effects of surface type (dirt, synthetic), jump phase (takeoff, landing), and limb (leading, trailing) on hoof movement were assessed using ANOVA (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while the relationships of hoof movement with surface mechanical properties were examined with correlation. Slide time (<i>p</i> = 0.032), horizontal velocity of the hoof (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and deceleration (<i>p</i> < 0.001) were greater in the leading limb, suggesting a higher risk of injury to the leading limb when braking. However, surface type and jump phase did not significantly affect deceleration during braking. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:47:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-275fc21ef05f42e19902384c0e85a84e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:47:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-275fc21ef05f42e19902384c0e85a84e2023-11-18T16:03:17ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-06-011313212210.3390/ani13132122Effects of Jumping Phase, Leading Limb, and Arena Surface Type on Forelimb Hoof MovementChristina M. Rohlf0Tanya C. Garcia1Lyndsey J. Marsh2Elizabeth V. Acutt3Sarah S. le Jeune4Susan M. Stover5Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USADepartment of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USAAnimal Biology Graduate Group, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USAClinical Large Animal Diagnostic Imaging, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USADepartment of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USADepartment of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USADuring the stance phase of equine locomotion, ground reaction forces are exerted on the hoof, leading first to rapid deceleration (“braking”) and later to acceleration (“propulsion”) as the hoof leaves the ground. Excessive hoof deceleration has been identified as a risk factor for musculoskeletal injury and may be influenced by arena surface properties. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the effect of arena surface type (dirt, synthetic) on hoof translation of the leading and trailing forelimbs during jump takeoff and landing. Solar hoof angle, displacement, velocity, and deceleration were captured using kinematic markers and high-speed video for four horses jumping over a 1.1 m oxer at 12 different arenas (5 dirt, 7 synthetic). Surface vertical impact and horizontal shear properties were measured simultaneously. The effects of surface type (dirt, synthetic), jump phase (takeoff, landing), and limb (leading, trailing) on hoof movement were assessed using ANOVA (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while the relationships of hoof movement with surface mechanical properties were examined with correlation. Slide time (<i>p</i> = 0.032), horizontal velocity of the hoof (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and deceleration (<i>p</i> < 0.001) were greater in the leading limb, suggesting a higher risk of injury to the leading limb when braking. However, surface type and jump phase did not significantly affect deceleration during braking.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/13/2122equineshow jumpinghoof slidemotion capturearena surfaceleading limb |
| spellingShingle | Christina M. Rohlf Tanya C. Garcia Lyndsey J. Marsh Elizabeth V. Acutt Sarah S. le Jeune Susan M. Stover Effects of Jumping Phase, Leading Limb, and Arena Surface Type on Forelimb Hoof Movement Animals equine show jumping hoof slide motion capture arena surface leading limb |
| title | Effects of Jumping Phase, Leading Limb, and Arena Surface Type on Forelimb Hoof Movement |
| title_full | Effects of Jumping Phase, Leading Limb, and Arena Surface Type on Forelimb Hoof Movement |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Jumping Phase, Leading Limb, and Arena Surface Type on Forelimb Hoof Movement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Jumping Phase, Leading Limb, and Arena Surface Type on Forelimb Hoof Movement |
| title_short | Effects of Jumping Phase, Leading Limb, and Arena Surface Type on Forelimb Hoof Movement |
| title_sort | effects of jumping phase leading limb and arena surface type on forelimb hoof movement |
| topic | equine show jumping hoof slide motion capture arena surface leading limb |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/13/2122 |
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