Apatite/Chitosan Composites Formed by Cold Sintering for Drug Delivery and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications
In the biomedical field, nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite is still one of the most attractive candidates as a bone substitute material due to its analogies with native bone mineral features regarding chemical composition, bioactivity and osteoconductivity. Ion substitution and low crystallinity are al...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/5/441 |
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| author | Anna Galotta Öznur Demir Olivier Marsan Vincenzo M. Sglavo Dagnija Loca Christèle Combes Janis Locs |
| author_facet | Anna Galotta Öznur Demir Olivier Marsan Vincenzo M. Sglavo Dagnija Loca Christèle Combes Janis Locs |
| author_sort | Anna Galotta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the biomedical field, nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite is still one of the most attractive candidates as a bone substitute material due to its analogies with native bone mineral features regarding chemical composition, bioactivity and osteoconductivity. Ion substitution and low crystallinity are also fundamental characteristics of bone apatite, making it metastable, bioresorbable and reactive. In the present work, biomimetic apatite and apatite/chitosan composites were produced by dissolution–precipitation synthesis, using mussel shells as a calcium biogenic source. With an eye on possible bone reconstruction and drug delivery applications, apatite/chitosan composites were loaded with strontium ranelate, an antiosteoporotic drug. Due to the metastability and temperature sensitivity of the produced composites, sintering could be carried out by conventional methods, and therefore, cold sintering was selected for the densification of the materials. The composites were consolidated up to ~90% relative density by applying a uniaxial pressure up to 1.5 GPa at room temperature for 10 min. Both the synthesised powders and cold-sintered samples were characterised from a physical and chemical point of view to demonstrate the effective production of biomimetic apatite/chitosan composites from mussel shells and exclude possible structural changes after sintering. Preliminary in vitro tests were also performed, which revealed a sustained release of strontium ranelate for about 19 days and no cytotoxicity towards human osteoblastic-like cells (MG63) exposed up to 72 h to the drug-containing composite extract. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:23:02Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:23:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
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| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-27649c108361437cbcc54c3f621a8dd32024-03-12T16:51:36ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912024-02-0114544110.3390/nano14050441Apatite/Chitosan Composites Formed by Cold Sintering for Drug Delivery and Bone Tissue Engineering ApplicationsAnna Galotta0Öznur Demir1Olivier Marsan2Vincenzo M. Sglavo3Dagnija Loca4Christèle Combes5Janis Locs6Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, ItalyInstitute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Riga Technical University, Pulka St. 3, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaCIRIMAT, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362, CEDEX 4, 31030 Toulouse, FranceDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, ItalyInstitute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Riga Technical University, Pulka St. 3, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaCIRIMAT, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362, CEDEX 4, 31030 Toulouse, FranceInstitute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Riga Technical University, Pulka St. 3, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaIn the biomedical field, nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite is still one of the most attractive candidates as a bone substitute material due to its analogies with native bone mineral features regarding chemical composition, bioactivity and osteoconductivity. Ion substitution and low crystallinity are also fundamental characteristics of bone apatite, making it metastable, bioresorbable and reactive. In the present work, biomimetic apatite and apatite/chitosan composites were produced by dissolution–precipitation synthesis, using mussel shells as a calcium biogenic source. With an eye on possible bone reconstruction and drug delivery applications, apatite/chitosan composites were loaded with strontium ranelate, an antiosteoporotic drug. Due to the metastability and temperature sensitivity of the produced composites, sintering could be carried out by conventional methods, and therefore, cold sintering was selected for the densification of the materials. The composites were consolidated up to ~90% relative density by applying a uniaxial pressure up to 1.5 GPa at room temperature for 10 min. Both the synthesised powders and cold-sintered samples were characterised from a physical and chemical point of view to demonstrate the effective production of biomimetic apatite/chitosan composites from mussel shells and exclude possible structural changes after sintering. Preliminary in vitro tests were also performed, which revealed a sustained release of strontium ranelate for about 19 days and no cytotoxicity towards human osteoblastic-like cells (MG63) exposed up to 72 h to the drug-containing composite extract.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/5/441nanocrystalline apatitechitosanapatite/chitosan compositesstrontium ranelatemussel shellscold sintering |
| spellingShingle | Anna Galotta Öznur Demir Olivier Marsan Vincenzo M. Sglavo Dagnija Loca Christèle Combes Janis Locs Apatite/Chitosan Composites Formed by Cold Sintering for Drug Delivery and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications Nanomaterials nanocrystalline apatite chitosan apatite/chitosan composites strontium ranelate mussel shells cold sintering |
| title | Apatite/Chitosan Composites Formed by Cold Sintering for Drug Delivery and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications |
| title_full | Apatite/Chitosan Composites Formed by Cold Sintering for Drug Delivery and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications |
| title_fullStr | Apatite/Chitosan Composites Formed by Cold Sintering for Drug Delivery and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Apatite/Chitosan Composites Formed by Cold Sintering for Drug Delivery and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications |
| title_short | Apatite/Chitosan Composites Formed by Cold Sintering for Drug Delivery and Bone Tissue Engineering Applications |
| title_sort | apatite chitosan composites formed by cold sintering for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering applications |
| topic | nanocrystalline apatite chitosan apatite/chitosan composites strontium ranelate mussel shells cold sintering |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/14/5/441 |
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