Les techniques traditionnelles de captage et de partage des eaux d'irrigation dans l'Oasis de Béni Ounif (Région de Béchar, Sud-Ouest, Algérie)
Traditional techniques of capture and sharing of waters of the oasis of Béni Ounif. For centuries, the oasis dwellers of the Béni Ounif used techniques for acquisition of groundwater to meet the domestic needs of the population of Ksar and garden irrigation. The oasis dwellers were able to mas...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of Bucharest
2014-08-01
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| Series: | Cinq Continents |
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| Online Access: | http://cinqcontinents.geo.unibuc.ro/4/4_9_Cherif.pdf |
| Summary: | Traditional techniques of capture and sharing of waters of the oasis of Béni
Ounif. For centuries, the oasis dwellers of the Béni Ounif used techniques for
acquisition of groundwater to meet the domestic needs of the population of Ksar
and garden irrigation. The oasis dwellers were able to master the management
of water through these processes. Despite a low annual rainfall, they were able
to manage critical situations of prolonged droughts while protecting their
environment. These ancient techniques such as traditional wells including
foggaras have proven effective in the past. However with the addition of modern
methods of water catchment (boreholes and pumps), the ancestral techniques of
irrigation degraded from one year to another and their future is threatened. The
use of new systems of pumping of groundwater by drilling, and not taken into
effective charge of Foggaras, made this system to lose its value which
deteriorates while the palm groves disappear. The overpumping causes a
significant decrease of the level of the groundwater. Soil salinization is
widespread throughout the oasis and water pollution has even reached the
whole tablecloth of the oasis. Over 80% of these systems have been abandoned
in recent years. However, during the years 2007 and 2008, different
rehabilitation projects have been launched by the concerned departments and
even some oasis dwellers have started processes to maintain several foggaras,
sources and seguias. This study aims to analyze the traditional techniques of
capture and sharing of waters of the oasis of Béni Ounif. |
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| ISSN: | 2247-2290 2247-2290 |