Experimental Methods to Evaluate the Carbonation Degree in Concrete—State of the Art Review
The carbonation action in concrete, in which carbonation reactions transform calcium hydroxide into calcium carbonate, is considered as a multi-phase physico-chemical process. Generally, carbonation in the cementitious composites has negative effects on the protection of reinforced bars due to the a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/4/2533 |
| _version_ | 1797622539698044928 |
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| author | Huyen Bui Francois Delattre Daniel Levacher |
| author_facet | Huyen Bui Francois Delattre Daniel Levacher |
| author_sort | Huyen Bui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The carbonation action in concrete, in which carbonation reactions transform calcium hydroxide into calcium carbonate, is considered as a multi-phase physico-chemical process. Generally, carbonation in the cementitious composites has negative effects on the protection of reinforced bars due to the accelerated corrosion problem. The investigation of the carbonation degree is, therefore, necessary to evaluate the carbonation influence on the reinforced cementitious composites. In the present paper, experimental techniques to measure the carbonation degree in concrete are reviewed, including both qualitative and quantitative methods. It should be noted that, while qualitative technique focuses on the alterations in the concrete pore solution alkalinity which reflects the carbonation depth through the pH indicator, most quantitative methods could provide accurate determination of the CO<sub>2</sub> penetration capacity during the carbonation process. The method used, for the practical phase, depends on the purpose of the carbonation degree measurement. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:11:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-276b5816865046a69d743e8908dd9f00 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:11:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-276b5816865046a69d743e8908dd9f002023-11-16T18:57:06ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-02-01134253310.3390/app13042533Experimental Methods to Evaluate the Carbonation Degree in Concrete—State of the Art ReviewHuyen Bui0Francois Delattre1Daniel Levacher2Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, Littoral Côte d’Opale University, UR 4492, UCEIV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, FranceUnité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, Littoral Côte d’Opale University, UR 4492, UCEIV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, FranceM2C UMR 6143 CNRS, University of Caen Normandie, ComUE Normandie University, 24 Rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, FranceThe carbonation action in concrete, in which carbonation reactions transform calcium hydroxide into calcium carbonate, is considered as a multi-phase physico-chemical process. Generally, carbonation in the cementitious composites has negative effects on the protection of reinforced bars due to the accelerated corrosion problem. The investigation of the carbonation degree is, therefore, necessary to evaluate the carbonation influence on the reinforced cementitious composites. In the present paper, experimental techniques to measure the carbonation degree in concrete are reviewed, including both qualitative and quantitative methods. It should be noted that, while qualitative technique focuses on the alterations in the concrete pore solution alkalinity which reflects the carbonation depth through the pH indicator, most quantitative methods could provide accurate determination of the CO<sub>2</sub> penetration capacity during the carbonation process. The method used, for the practical phase, depends on the purpose of the carbonation degree measurement.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/4/2533carbonation degreeconcretephenolphthaleinphase analysisimage analysisCO<sub>2</sub> uptake |
| spellingShingle | Huyen Bui Francois Delattre Daniel Levacher Experimental Methods to Evaluate the Carbonation Degree in Concrete—State of the Art Review Applied Sciences carbonation degree concrete phenolphthalein phase analysis image analysis CO<sub>2</sub> uptake |
| title | Experimental Methods to Evaluate the Carbonation Degree in Concrete—State of the Art Review |
| title_full | Experimental Methods to Evaluate the Carbonation Degree in Concrete—State of the Art Review |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Methods to Evaluate the Carbonation Degree in Concrete—State of the Art Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Methods to Evaluate the Carbonation Degree in Concrete—State of the Art Review |
| title_short | Experimental Methods to Evaluate the Carbonation Degree in Concrete—State of the Art Review |
| title_sort | experimental methods to evaluate the carbonation degree in concrete state of the art review |
| topic | carbonation degree concrete phenolphthalein phase analysis image analysis CO<sub>2</sub> uptake |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/4/2533 |
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