Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from KNOW-CKD Study
As non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels account for all atherogenic lipoproteins, serum non-HDL-C level has been suggested to be a marker for cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification. Therefore, to unveil the association of serum non-HDL-C levels with CV outcomes in patients wi...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/18/3792 |
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| author | Sang Heon Suh Tae Ryom Oh Hong Sang Choi Chang Seong Kim Eun Hui Bae Seong Kwon Ma Kook-Hwan Oh Seung Hyeok Han Soo Wan Kim |
| author_facet | Sang Heon Suh Tae Ryom Oh Hong Sang Choi Chang Seong Kim Eun Hui Bae Seong Kwon Ma Kook-Hwan Oh Seung Hyeok Han Soo Wan Kim |
| author_sort | Sang Heon Suh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels account for all atherogenic lipoproteins, serum non-HDL-C level has been suggested to be a marker for cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification. Therefore, to unveil the association of serum non-HDL-C levels with CV outcomes in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (ND-CKD), the patients at stages 1 to 5 (<i>n</i> = 2152) from the Korean Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD) were prospectively analyzed. The subjects were divided into quintiles by serum non-HDL-C level. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause death or non-fatal CV events. The median duration of follow-up was 6.940 years. The analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model unveiled that the composite CV event was significantly increased in the 5th quintile (adjusted hazard ratio 2.162, 95% confidence interval 1.174 to 3.981), compared to that of the 3rd quintile. A fully adjusted cubic spline model depicted a non-linear, J-shaped association between non-HDL-C and the risk of a composite CV event. The association remained robust in a series of sensitivity analyses, including the analysis of a cause-specific hazard model. Subgroup analyses reveled that the association is not significantly altered by clinical conditions, including age, gender, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and albuminuria. In conclusion, high serum non-HDL-C level increased the risk of adverse CV outcomes among the patients with ND-CKD. Further studies are warranted to define the optimal target range of non-HDL-C levels in this population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:54:54Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:54:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-277a30037f31497a88ac938064369a5d2023-11-23T18:11:58ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-09-011418379210.3390/nu14183792Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from KNOW-CKD StudySang Heon Suh0Tae Ryom Oh1Hong Sang Choi2Chang Seong Kim3Eun Hui Bae4Seong Kwon Ma5Kook-Hwan Oh6Seung Hyeok Han7Soo Wan Kim8Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 64169, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 64169, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 64169, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 64169, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 64169, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 64169, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 64169, KoreaAs non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels account for all atherogenic lipoproteins, serum non-HDL-C level has been suggested to be a marker for cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification. Therefore, to unveil the association of serum non-HDL-C levels with CV outcomes in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (ND-CKD), the patients at stages 1 to 5 (<i>n</i> = 2152) from the Korean Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD) were prospectively analyzed. The subjects were divided into quintiles by serum non-HDL-C level. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause death or non-fatal CV events. The median duration of follow-up was 6.940 years. The analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model unveiled that the composite CV event was significantly increased in the 5th quintile (adjusted hazard ratio 2.162, 95% confidence interval 1.174 to 3.981), compared to that of the 3rd quintile. A fully adjusted cubic spline model depicted a non-linear, J-shaped association between non-HDL-C and the risk of a composite CV event. The association remained robust in a series of sensitivity analyses, including the analysis of a cause-specific hazard model. Subgroup analyses reveled that the association is not significantly altered by clinical conditions, including age, gender, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and albuminuria. In conclusion, high serum non-HDL-C level increased the risk of adverse CV outcomes among the patients with ND-CKD. Further studies are warranted to define the optimal target range of non-HDL-C levels in this population.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/18/3792cardiovascular eventscardiovascular riskchronic kidney diseasemortalitynon-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| spellingShingle | Sang Heon Suh Tae Ryom Oh Hong Sang Choi Chang Seong Kim Eun Hui Bae Seong Kwon Ma Kook-Hwan Oh Seung Hyeok Han Soo Wan Kim Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from KNOW-CKD Study Nutrients cardiovascular events cardiovascular risk chronic kidney disease mortality non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| title | Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from KNOW-CKD Study |
| title_full | Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from KNOW-CKD Study |
| title_fullStr | Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from KNOW-CKD Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from KNOW-CKD Study |
| title_short | Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from KNOW-CKD Study |
| title_sort | non high density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular outcomes in chronic kidney disease results from know ckd study |
| topic | cardiovascular events cardiovascular risk chronic kidney disease mortality non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/18/3792 |
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