Using the Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance System to Identify Cases of Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Australia, 2000‒2018
Since 2012, the United States has reported a distinct syndrome of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) with anterior myelitis, predominantly in children. This polio-like syndrome was termed acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). Australia routinely conducts AFP surveillance to exclude poliomyelitis. We reviewed 91...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/28/1/21-1690_article |
| _version_ | 1797687240229388288 |
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| author | Liz J. Walker Bruce R. Thorley Anne Morris Elizabeth J. Elliott Nathan Saul Philip N. Britton |
| author_facet | Liz J. Walker Bruce R. Thorley Anne Morris Elizabeth J. Elliott Nathan Saul Philip N. Britton |
| author_sort | Liz J. Walker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Since 2012, the United States has reported a distinct syndrome of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) with anterior myelitis, predominantly in children. This polio-like syndrome was termed acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). Australia routinely conducts AFP surveillance to exclude poliomyelitis. We reviewed 915 AFP cases in Australia for children <15 years of age during 2000‒2018 and reclassified a subset to AFM by using the US Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists case definition. We confirmed 37 AFM cases by using magnetic resonance imaging findings and 4 probable AFM cases on the basis of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. Nonpolio enteroviruses were detected in 33% of AFM cases from which stool samples were tested. Average annual AFM incidence was 0.07 cases/100,000 person-years in children <15 years of age. AFM occurred sporadically in Australia before 2010 but regularly since then, indicating sustained, albeit rare, clinical manifestation in children. The AFP surveillance system in Australia is well-positioned to identify future AFM cases.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:16:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-277c670585334c99a0791ead6576dab8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1080-6040 1080-6059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:16:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-277c670585334c99a0791ead6576dab82023-09-13T11:40:05ZengCenters for Disease Control and PreventionEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-60592022-01-01281202810.3201/eid2801.211690Using the Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance System to Identify Cases of Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Australia, 2000‒2018Liz J. WalkerBruce R. ThorleyAnne MorrisElizabeth J. ElliottNathan SaulPhilip N. Britton Since 2012, the United States has reported a distinct syndrome of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) with anterior myelitis, predominantly in children. This polio-like syndrome was termed acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). Australia routinely conducts AFP surveillance to exclude poliomyelitis. We reviewed 915 AFP cases in Australia for children <15 years of age during 2000‒2018 and reclassified a subset to AFM by using the US Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists case definition. We confirmed 37 AFM cases by using magnetic resonance imaging findings and 4 probable AFM cases on the basis of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. Nonpolio enteroviruses were detected in 33% of AFM cases from which stool samples were tested. Average annual AFM incidence was 0.07 cases/100,000 person-years in children <15 years of age. AFM occurred sporadically in Australia before 2010 but regularly since then, indicating sustained, albeit rare, clinical manifestation in children. The AFP surveillance system in Australia is well-positioned to identify future AFM cases. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/28/1/21-1690_articleacute flaccid myelitiscentral nervous system infectionsenterovirus infectionsenterovirusesvirusespoliomyelitis |
| spellingShingle | Liz J. Walker Bruce R. Thorley Anne Morris Elizabeth J. Elliott Nathan Saul Philip N. Britton Using the Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance System to Identify Cases of Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Australia, 2000‒2018 Emerging Infectious Diseases acute flaccid myelitis central nervous system infections enterovirus infections enteroviruses viruses poliomyelitis |
| title | Using the Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance System to Identify Cases of Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Australia, 2000‒2018 |
| title_full | Using the Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance System to Identify Cases of Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Australia, 2000‒2018 |
| title_fullStr | Using the Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance System to Identify Cases of Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Australia, 2000‒2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using the Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance System to Identify Cases of Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Australia, 2000‒2018 |
| title_short | Using the Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance System to Identify Cases of Acute Flaccid Myelitis, Australia, 2000‒2018 |
| title_sort | using the acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system to identify cases of acute flaccid myelitis australia 2000 2018 |
| topic | acute flaccid myelitis central nervous system infections enterovirus infections enteroviruses viruses poliomyelitis |
| url | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/28/1/21-1690_article |
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