The Distribution of Tryptophan-Dependent Indole-3-Acetic Acid Synthesis Pathways in Bacteria Unraveled by Large-Scale Genomic Analysis
Bacterial indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), an effector molecule in microbial physiology, plays an important role in plant growth-promotion. Here, we comprehensively analyzed about 7282 prokaryotic genomes representing diverse bacterial phyla, combined with root-associated metagenomic data to unravel the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/7/1411 |
| _version_ | 1831791456881213440 |
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| author | Pengfan Zhang Tao Jin Sunil Kumar Sahu Jin Xu Qiong Shi Huan Liu Yayu Wang |
| author_facet | Pengfan Zhang Tao Jin Sunil Kumar Sahu Jin Xu Qiong Shi Huan Liu Yayu Wang |
| author_sort | Pengfan Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bacterial indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), an effector molecule in microbial physiology, plays an important role in plant growth-promotion. Here, we comprehensively analyzed about 7282 prokaryotic genomes representing diverse bacterial phyla, combined with root-associated metagenomic data to unravel the distribution of tryptophan-dependent IAA synthesis pathways and to quantify the IAA synthesis-related genes in the plant root environments. We found that 82.2% of the analyzed bacterial genomes were potentially capable of synthesizing IAA from tryptophan (Trp) or intermediates. Interestingly, several phylogenetically diverse bacteria showed a preferential tendency to utilize different pathways and tryptamine and indole-3-pyruvate pathways are most prevalent in bacteria. About 45.3% of the studied genomes displayed multiple coexisting pathways, constituting complex IAA synthesis systems. Furthermore, root-associated metagenomic analyses revealed that rhizobacteria mainly synthesize IAA via indole-3-acetamide (IAM) and tryptamine (TMP) pathways and might possess stronger IAA synthesis abilities than bacteria colonizing other environments. The obtained results refurbished our understanding of bacterial IAA synthesis pathways and provided a faster and less labor-intensive alternative to physiological screening based on genome collections. The better understanding of IAA synthesis among bacterial communities could maximize the utilization of bacterial IAA to augment the crop growth and physiological function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T14:53:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-277c89678b374311b68ffc6021088d99 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T14:53:06Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-277c89678b374311b68ffc6021088d992022-12-21T18:22:16ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-04-01247141110.3390/molecules24071411molecules24071411The Distribution of Tryptophan-Dependent Indole-3-Acetic Acid Synthesis Pathways in Bacteria Unraveled by Large-Scale Genomic AnalysisPengfan Zhang0Tao Jin1Sunil Kumar Sahu2Jin Xu3Qiong Shi4Huan Liu5Yayu Wang6BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, ChinaBGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, ChinaBGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, ChinaCitrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, IFAS, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33885, USABGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, ChinaBGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, ChinaBGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, ChinaBacterial indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), an effector molecule in microbial physiology, plays an important role in plant growth-promotion. Here, we comprehensively analyzed about 7282 prokaryotic genomes representing diverse bacterial phyla, combined with root-associated metagenomic data to unravel the distribution of tryptophan-dependent IAA synthesis pathways and to quantify the IAA synthesis-related genes in the plant root environments. We found that 82.2% of the analyzed bacterial genomes were potentially capable of synthesizing IAA from tryptophan (Trp) or intermediates. Interestingly, several phylogenetically diverse bacteria showed a preferential tendency to utilize different pathways and tryptamine and indole-3-pyruvate pathways are most prevalent in bacteria. About 45.3% of the studied genomes displayed multiple coexisting pathways, constituting complex IAA synthesis systems. Furthermore, root-associated metagenomic analyses revealed that rhizobacteria mainly synthesize IAA via indole-3-acetamide (IAM) and tryptamine (TMP) pathways and might possess stronger IAA synthesis abilities than bacteria colonizing other environments. The obtained results refurbished our understanding of bacterial IAA synthesis pathways and provided a faster and less labor-intensive alternative to physiological screening based on genome collections. The better understanding of IAA synthesis among bacterial communities could maximize the utilization of bacterial IAA to augment the crop growth and physiological function.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/7/1411indole-3-acetic acidbacteriapathwaysgenomesmetagenomes |
| spellingShingle | Pengfan Zhang Tao Jin Sunil Kumar Sahu Jin Xu Qiong Shi Huan Liu Yayu Wang The Distribution of Tryptophan-Dependent Indole-3-Acetic Acid Synthesis Pathways in Bacteria Unraveled by Large-Scale Genomic Analysis Molecules indole-3-acetic acid bacteria pathways genomes metagenomes |
| title | The Distribution of Tryptophan-Dependent Indole-3-Acetic Acid Synthesis Pathways in Bacteria Unraveled by Large-Scale Genomic Analysis |
| title_full | The Distribution of Tryptophan-Dependent Indole-3-Acetic Acid Synthesis Pathways in Bacteria Unraveled by Large-Scale Genomic Analysis |
| title_fullStr | The Distribution of Tryptophan-Dependent Indole-3-Acetic Acid Synthesis Pathways in Bacteria Unraveled by Large-Scale Genomic Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Distribution of Tryptophan-Dependent Indole-3-Acetic Acid Synthesis Pathways in Bacteria Unraveled by Large-Scale Genomic Analysis |
| title_short | The Distribution of Tryptophan-Dependent Indole-3-Acetic Acid Synthesis Pathways in Bacteria Unraveled by Large-Scale Genomic Analysis |
| title_sort | distribution of tryptophan dependent indole 3 acetic acid synthesis pathways in bacteria unraveled by large scale genomic analysis |
| topic | indole-3-acetic acid bacteria pathways genomes metagenomes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/7/1411 |
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