Oncology Therapeutics Targeting the Metabolism of Amino Acids
Amino acid metabolism promotes cancer cell proliferation and survival by supporting building block synthesis, producing reducing agents to mitigate oxidative stress, and generating immunosuppressive metabolites for immune evasion. Malignant cells rewire amino acid metabolism to maximize their access...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Cells |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/8/1904 |
| _version_ | 1797557927354040320 |
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| author | Nefertiti Muhammad Hyun Min Lee Jiyeon Kim |
| author_facet | Nefertiti Muhammad Hyun Min Lee Jiyeon Kim |
| author_sort | Nefertiti Muhammad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Amino acid metabolism promotes cancer cell proliferation and survival by supporting building block synthesis, producing reducing agents to mitigate oxidative stress, and generating immunosuppressive metabolites for immune evasion. Malignant cells rewire amino acid metabolism to maximize their access to nutrients. Amino acid transporter expression is upregulated to acquire amino acids from the extracellular environment. Under nutrient depleted conditions, macropinocytosis can be activated where proteins from the extracellular environment are engulfed and degraded into the constituent amino acids. The demand for non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) can be met through de novo synthesis pathways. Cancer cells can alter various signaling pathways to boost amino acid usage for the generation of nucleotides, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging molecules, and oncometabolites. The importance of amino acid metabolism in cancer proliferation makes it a potential target for therapeutic intervention, including via small molecules and antibodies. In this review, we will delineate the targets related to amino acid metabolism and promising therapeutic approaches. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:23:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-278be1fec8b84f239273d2f6af7a97bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:23:09Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-278be1fec8b84f239273d2f6af7a97bf2023-11-20T10:16:00ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-08-0198190410.3390/cells9081904Oncology Therapeutics Targeting the Metabolism of Amino AcidsNefertiti Muhammad0Hyun Min Lee1Jiyeon Kim2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USAAmino acid metabolism promotes cancer cell proliferation and survival by supporting building block synthesis, producing reducing agents to mitigate oxidative stress, and generating immunosuppressive metabolites for immune evasion. Malignant cells rewire amino acid metabolism to maximize their access to nutrients. Amino acid transporter expression is upregulated to acquire amino acids from the extracellular environment. Under nutrient depleted conditions, macropinocytosis can be activated where proteins from the extracellular environment are engulfed and degraded into the constituent amino acids. The demand for non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) can be met through de novo synthesis pathways. Cancer cells can alter various signaling pathways to boost amino acid usage for the generation of nucleotides, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging molecules, and oncometabolites. The importance of amino acid metabolism in cancer proliferation makes it a potential target for therapeutic intervention, including via small molecules and antibodies. In this review, we will delineate the targets related to amino acid metabolism and promising therapeutic approaches.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/8/1904cancer metabolismamino acidsoncogenic therapeutics |
| spellingShingle | Nefertiti Muhammad Hyun Min Lee Jiyeon Kim Oncology Therapeutics Targeting the Metabolism of Amino Acids Cells cancer metabolism amino acids oncogenic therapeutics |
| title | Oncology Therapeutics Targeting the Metabolism of Amino Acids |
| title_full | Oncology Therapeutics Targeting the Metabolism of Amino Acids |
| title_fullStr | Oncology Therapeutics Targeting the Metabolism of Amino Acids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oncology Therapeutics Targeting the Metabolism of Amino Acids |
| title_short | Oncology Therapeutics Targeting the Metabolism of Amino Acids |
| title_sort | oncology therapeutics targeting the metabolism of amino acids |
| topic | cancer metabolism amino acids oncogenic therapeutics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/8/1904 |
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