RANKL Is Independently Associated with Increased Risks of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Women with PCOS: A Cross-Sectional Study
Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are more likely to have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) than non-PCOS women; however, the exact mechanism underlying this trend is unknown. The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is strongly involved in bone metabolism and has multiple...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/2/451 |
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| author | Nan Lu Chang Shan Jia-Rong Fu Yi Zhang Yu-Ying Wang Yu-Chen Zhu Jie Yu Jie Cai Sheng-Xian Li Tao Tao Wei Liu |
| author_facet | Nan Lu Chang Shan Jia-Rong Fu Yi Zhang Yu-Ying Wang Yu-Chen Zhu Jie Yu Jie Cai Sheng-Xian Li Tao Tao Wei Liu |
| author_sort | Nan Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are more likely to have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) than non-PCOS women; however, the exact mechanism underlying this trend is unknown. The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is strongly involved in bone metabolism and has multiple functions. Recent studies suggest that RANKL is implicated in hepatic insulin resistance (IR), which is the highest risk factor for NAFLD. This study aimed to assess the role of RANKL in NAFLD in Chinese women with PCOS. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on women newly diagnosed with PCOS, which included 146 patients with NAFLD and 142 patients without NAFLD. Sex hormones, glucose, insulin, and lipids were measured, and anthropometric data were collected. The concentration of serum total RANKL was measured using commercial ELISA kits. PCOS patients with NAFLD had a significantly higher mean age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and worsened metabolic profile than non-NAFLD subjects. The concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased with the RANKL tertile (<i>p</i> for trend = 0.023, 0.026, and 0.035, respectively). A significantly positive association was found between RANKL (per SD change) and the risks of NAFLD (OR = 1.545, 95% CI = 1.086–2.199) after adjusting for confounders, including demographic factors, metabolic markers, and sex hormones. Subgroup multivariate logistic analyses stratified by age, BMI, and WC showed the same tendency. In addition, the positive association between RANKL and NAFLD seemed more prominent in lean patients with a BMI < 24 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.06–2.75) when compared to overweight/obesity subjects. Therefore, this study suggests that RANKL is positively associated with the increased risk of NAFLD in Chinese women with PCOS, independent of metabolic and reproductive factors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:12:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-278d52d37b864f72904857a55bd6cf40 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:12:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-278d52d37b864f72904857a55bd6cf402023-11-30T22:50:08ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-01-0112245110.3390/jcm12020451RANKL Is Independently Associated with Increased Risks of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Women with PCOS: A Cross-Sectional StudyNan Lu0Chang Shan1Jia-Rong Fu2Yi Zhang3Yu-Ying Wang4Yu-Chen Zhu5Jie Yu6Jie Cai7Sheng-Xian Li8Tao Tao9Wei Liu10Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, ChinaWomen with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are more likely to have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) than non-PCOS women; however, the exact mechanism underlying this trend is unknown. The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is strongly involved in bone metabolism and has multiple functions. Recent studies suggest that RANKL is implicated in hepatic insulin resistance (IR), which is the highest risk factor for NAFLD. This study aimed to assess the role of RANKL in NAFLD in Chinese women with PCOS. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on women newly diagnosed with PCOS, which included 146 patients with NAFLD and 142 patients without NAFLD. Sex hormones, glucose, insulin, and lipids were measured, and anthropometric data were collected. The concentration of serum total RANKL was measured using commercial ELISA kits. PCOS patients with NAFLD had a significantly higher mean age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and worsened metabolic profile than non-NAFLD subjects. The concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased with the RANKL tertile (<i>p</i> for trend = 0.023, 0.026, and 0.035, respectively). A significantly positive association was found between RANKL (per SD change) and the risks of NAFLD (OR = 1.545, 95% CI = 1.086–2.199) after adjusting for confounders, including demographic factors, metabolic markers, and sex hormones. Subgroup multivariate logistic analyses stratified by age, BMI, and WC showed the same tendency. In addition, the positive association between RANKL and NAFLD seemed more prominent in lean patients with a BMI < 24 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.06–2.75) when compared to overweight/obesity subjects. Therefore, this study suggests that RANKL is positively associated with the increased risk of NAFLD in Chinese women with PCOS, independent of metabolic and reproductive factors.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/2/451receptor activator of NF-κB ligandnon-alcoholic fatty liver diseasepolycystic ovary syndromefree androgen indexinsulin resistance |
| spellingShingle | Nan Lu Chang Shan Jia-Rong Fu Yi Zhang Yu-Ying Wang Yu-Chen Zhu Jie Yu Jie Cai Sheng-Xian Li Tao Tao Wei Liu RANKL Is Independently Associated with Increased Risks of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Women with PCOS: A Cross-Sectional Study Journal of Clinical Medicine receptor activator of NF-κB ligand non-alcoholic fatty liver disease polycystic ovary syndrome free androgen index insulin resistance |
| title | RANKL Is Independently Associated with Increased Risks of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Women with PCOS: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | RANKL Is Independently Associated with Increased Risks of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Women with PCOS: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | RANKL Is Independently Associated with Increased Risks of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Women with PCOS: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | RANKL Is Independently Associated with Increased Risks of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Women with PCOS: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | RANKL Is Independently Associated with Increased Risks of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Women with PCOS: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | rankl is independently associated with increased risks of non alcoholic fatty liver disease in chinese women with pcos a cross sectional study |
| topic | receptor activator of NF-κB ligand non-alcoholic fatty liver disease polycystic ovary syndrome free androgen index insulin resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/2/451 |
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