Factors Controlling the Lack of Phytoplankton Biomass in Naturally Iron Fertilized Waters Near Heard and McDonald Islands in the Southern Ocean
The Kerguelen Plateau is one of the regions in the Southern Ocean where spatially large algal blooms occur annually due to natural iron fertilization. The analysis of ocean color data as well as in situ samples collected during the Heard Earth-Ocean-Biosphere Interactions (HEOBI) voyage in January a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00531/full |
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| author | Bożena Wojtasiewicz Bożena Wojtasiewicz Thomas W. Trull Thomas W. Trull Lesley Clementson Diana M. Davies Nicole L. Patten Nicole L. Patten Christina Schallenberg Nick J. Hardman-Mountford |
| author_facet | Bożena Wojtasiewicz Bożena Wojtasiewicz Thomas W. Trull Thomas W. Trull Lesley Clementson Diana M. Davies Nicole L. Patten Nicole L. Patten Christina Schallenberg Nick J. Hardman-Mountford |
| author_sort | Bożena Wojtasiewicz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Kerguelen Plateau is one of the regions in the Southern Ocean where spatially large algal blooms occur annually due to natural iron fertilization. The analysis of ocean color data as well as in situ samples collected during the Heard Earth-Ocean-Biosphere Interactions (HEOBI) voyage in January and February 2016, surprisingly revealed that chlorophyll a concentrations in waters located close to Heard and McDonald islands were much lower than those on the central Kerguelen Plateau. This occurs despite high levels of both glacial and volcanic iron supply from these islands. The analysis of pigment and optical data also indicated a shift in the phytoplankton size structure in this region, from a microphytoplankton to nanophytoplankton dominated community. Possible explanations for this high nutrient, high iron (Fe), low chlorophyll (HNHFeLC) phenomenon were explored. Low light availability due to deep mixing and shading by re-suspended sediment particles and augmented by dilution with surrounding low chlorophyll waters in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current was shown to be an important mechanism shaping phytoplankton communities. The competing dynamics between stimulation and limitation illustrate the complexity of short-term responses to our changing climate and cryosphere. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T12:21:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-279453a84f0846eaa870aa7967975e55 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T12:21:06Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-279453a84f0846eaa870aa7967975e552022-12-22T01:07:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452019-09-01610.3389/fmars.2019.00531466009Factors Controlling the Lack of Phytoplankton Biomass in Naturally Iron Fertilized Waters Near Heard and McDonald Islands in the Southern OceanBożena Wojtasiewicz0Bożena Wojtasiewicz1Thomas W. Trull2Thomas W. Trull3Lesley Clementson4Diana M. Davies5Nicole L. Patten6Nicole L. Patten7Christina Schallenberg8Nick J. Hardman-Mountford9CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, Crawley, WA, AustraliaCSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS, AustraliaCSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS, AustraliaAntarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Hobart, TAS, AustraliaCSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS, AustraliaAntarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Hobart, TAS, AustraliaSouth Australian Research and Development Institute, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaJBS&G, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaAntarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Hobart, TAS, AustraliaCSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, Crawley, WA, AustraliaThe Kerguelen Plateau is one of the regions in the Southern Ocean where spatially large algal blooms occur annually due to natural iron fertilization. The analysis of ocean color data as well as in situ samples collected during the Heard Earth-Ocean-Biosphere Interactions (HEOBI) voyage in January and February 2016, surprisingly revealed that chlorophyll a concentrations in waters located close to Heard and McDonald islands were much lower than those on the central Kerguelen Plateau. This occurs despite high levels of both glacial and volcanic iron supply from these islands. The analysis of pigment and optical data also indicated a shift in the phytoplankton size structure in this region, from a microphytoplankton to nanophytoplankton dominated community. Possible explanations for this high nutrient, high iron (Fe), low chlorophyll (HNHFeLC) phenomenon were explored. Low light availability due to deep mixing and shading by re-suspended sediment particles and augmented by dilution with surrounding low chlorophyll waters in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current was shown to be an important mechanism shaping phytoplankton communities. The competing dynamics between stimulation and limitation illustrate the complexity of short-term responses to our changing climate and cryosphere.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00531/fullSouthern OceanHeard Islandiron fertilizationphytoplanktonchlorophyllbackscattering |
| spellingShingle | Bożena Wojtasiewicz Bożena Wojtasiewicz Thomas W. Trull Thomas W. Trull Lesley Clementson Diana M. Davies Nicole L. Patten Nicole L. Patten Christina Schallenberg Nick J. Hardman-Mountford Factors Controlling the Lack of Phytoplankton Biomass in Naturally Iron Fertilized Waters Near Heard and McDonald Islands in the Southern Ocean Frontiers in Marine Science Southern Ocean Heard Island iron fertilization phytoplankton chlorophyll backscattering |
| title | Factors Controlling the Lack of Phytoplankton Biomass in Naturally Iron Fertilized Waters Near Heard and McDonald Islands in the Southern Ocean |
| title_full | Factors Controlling the Lack of Phytoplankton Biomass in Naturally Iron Fertilized Waters Near Heard and McDonald Islands in the Southern Ocean |
| title_fullStr | Factors Controlling the Lack of Phytoplankton Biomass in Naturally Iron Fertilized Waters Near Heard and McDonald Islands in the Southern Ocean |
| title_full_unstemmed | Factors Controlling the Lack of Phytoplankton Biomass in Naturally Iron Fertilized Waters Near Heard and McDonald Islands in the Southern Ocean |
| title_short | Factors Controlling the Lack of Phytoplankton Biomass in Naturally Iron Fertilized Waters Near Heard and McDonald Islands in the Southern Ocean |
| title_sort | factors controlling the lack of phytoplankton biomass in naturally iron fertilized waters near heard and mcdonald islands in the southern ocean |
| topic | Southern Ocean Heard Island iron fertilization phytoplankton chlorophyll backscattering |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00531/full |
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