New Exopolysaccharides Produced by <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> 24 Display Substrate-Dependent Content and Antioxidant Activity
<i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> is a soil bacterium with many industrial applications. In addition to enzymes, platform chemicals, antibiotics and phytohormones, the species produces exopolysaccharides (EPSs) of various biological activities. This study revealed that Bulgarian isolate <...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2127 |
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| author | Penka Petrova Alexander Arsov Ivan Ivanov Lidia Tsigoriyna Kaloyan Petrov |
| author_facet | Penka Petrova Alexander Arsov Ivan Ivanov Lidia Tsigoriyna Kaloyan Petrov |
| author_sort | Penka Petrova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> is a soil bacterium with many industrial applications. In addition to enzymes, platform chemicals, antibiotics and phytohormones, the species produces exopolysaccharides (EPSs) of various biological activities. This study revealed that Bulgarian isolate <i>B. licheniformis</i> 24 produced EPSs consisting of galactose, glucose and mannose with substrate-dependent ratio. From glucose, <i>B. licheniformis</i> 24 secreted EPS1, consisting of 54% galactose, 39% glucose and 7% mannose. From fructose, the strain formed EPS2, containing 51% glucose, 30% mannose and 19% galactose. Batch cultivation in flasks yielded 2.2–2.6 g/L EPS1 and 1.90–2.11 g/L EPS2. Four to five times higher yields of EPS were obtained from both substrates during batch and fed-batch processes in a fermenter at 37.8 °C, pH 6.2 and aeration 3.68 vvm. The batch process with 200 g/L of starting substrates received 9.64 g/L EPS1 and 6.29 g/L EPS2, reaching maximum values at the 33rd and 24th h, respectively. Fed-batch fermentation resulted in the highest yields, 12.61 g/L EPS1 and 7.03 g/L EPS2. In all processes, EPSs were produced only in the exponential growth phase. Both EPSs exhibited antioxidant activity, but EPS2 was much more potent in this regard, reaching 811 μM Vitamin C Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (versus 135 μM for EPS1). EPS1 displayed antibacterial activity against a non-O1 strain of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:21:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2797143127844c8e8e1800e779c7b28f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:21:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-2797143127844c8e8e1800e779c7b28f2023-11-22T19:14:45ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-10-01910212710.3390/microorganisms9102127New Exopolysaccharides Produced by <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> 24 Display Substrate-Dependent Content and Antioxidant ActivityPenka Petrova0Alexander Arsov1Ivan Ivanov2Lidia Tsigoriyna3Kaloyan Petrov4Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria<i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> is a soil bacterium with many industrial applications. In addition to enzymes, platform chemicals, antibiotics and phytohormones, the species produces exopolysaccharides (EPSs) of various biological activities. This study revealed that Bulgarian isolate <i>B. licheniformis</i> 24 produced EPSs consisting of galactose, glucose and mannose with substrate-dependent ratio. From glucose, <i>B. licheniformis</i> 24 secreted EPS1, consisting of 54% galactose, 39% glucose and 7% mannose. From fructose, the strain formed EPS2, containing 51% glucose, 30% mannose and 19% galactose. Batch cultivation in flasks yielded 2.2–2.6 g/L EPS1 and 1.90–2.11 g/L EPS2. Four to five times higher yields of EPS were obtained from both substrates during batch and fed-batch processes in a fermenter at 37.8 °C, pH 6.2 and aeration 3.68 vvm. The batch process with 200 g/L of starting substrates received 9.64 g/L EPS1 and 6.29 g/L EPS2, reaching maximum values at the 33rd and 24th h, respectively. Fed-batch fermentation resulted in the highest yields, 12.61 g/L EPS1 and 7.03 g/L EPS2. In all processes, EPSs were produced only in the exponential growth phase. Both EPSs exhibited antioxidant activity, but EPS2 was much more potent in this regard, reaching 811 μM Vitamin C Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (versus 135 μM for EPS1). EPS1 displayed antibacterial activity against a non-O1 strain of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2127<i>Bacillus licheniformis</i>exopolysaccharidebatchfed-batchantibacterial activityantioxidant activity |
| spellingShingle | Penka Petrova Alexander Arsov Ivan Ivanov Lidia Tsigoriyna Kaloyan Petrov New Exopolysaccharides Produced by <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> 24 Display Substrate-Dependent Content and Antioxidant Activity Microorganisms <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> exopolysaccharide batch fed-batch antibacterial activity antioxidant activity |
| title | New Exopolysaccharides Produced by <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> 24 Display Substrate-Dependent Content and Antioxidant Activity |
| title_full | New Exopolysaccharides Produced by <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> 24 Display Substrate-Dependent Content and Antioxidant Activity |
| title_fullStr | New Exopolysaccharides Produced by <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> 24 Display Substrate-Dependent Content and Antioxidant Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Exopolysaccharides Produced by <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> 24 Display Substrate-Dependent Content and Antioxidant Activity |
| title_short | New Exopolysaccharides Produced by <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> 24 Display Substrate-Dependent Content and Antioxidant Activity |
| title_sort | new exopolysaccharides produced by i bacillus licheniformis i 24 display substrate dependent content and antioxidant activity |
| topic | <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> exopolysaccharide batch fed-batch antibacterial activity antioxidant activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2127 |
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