Advances in Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Management
Rok Gorenšek,1,2,* Martin Kresnik,1,3,* Iztok Takač,1,4 Tomaž Rojko,1,5 Monika Sobočan1,4 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; 2Department of Oncology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; 3Department of Eme...
| Автори: | , , , , |
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| Формат: | Стаття |
| Мова: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2023-11-01
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| Серія: | Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy |
| Предмети: | |
| Онлайн доступ: | https://www.dovepress.com/advances-in-tumour-infiltrating-lymphocytes-for-triple-negative-breast-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-BCTT |
| _version_ | 1827773964123897856 |
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| author | Gorenšek R Kresnik M Takač I Rojko T Sobočan M |
| author_facet | Gorenšek R Kresnik M Takač I Rojko T Sobočan M |
| author_sort | Gorenšek R |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rok Gorenšek,1,2,* Martin Kresnik,1,3,* Iztok Takač,1,4 Tomaž Rojko,1,5 Monika Sobočan1,4 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; 2Department of Oncology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; 3Department of Emergency Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; 4Division of Gynecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; 5Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Monika Sobočan, University Medical Centre Maribor, Division for Gynecology and Perinatology, Ljubljanska ulica 5, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia, Tel +386 2 321 2195, Email monika.sobocan@gmail.comAbstract: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer which does not express or expresses a minimum amount of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein. TNBCs include a heterogenic group of cancers that are aggressive, grow rapidly and are associated with poor prognosis and overall survival, mainly attributed to a lack of effective therapeutic targets. For a long time, a major issue with predicting the outcome and prognosis of TNBCs was the lack of an accurate biomarker, a molecule that helps us objectively assess a patient’s health status. In recent times, defining the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is becoming an indispensable method of determining a patient’s prognosis. TILs are found in tumor tissue and the surrounding stroma and carry a prognostic value. Furthermore, they are known to improve the effect of systemic therapy. With the rise of immunotherapy, the role of TIL in this newer therapeutic option is a topic of increased importance. The goal behind this research article is a comprehensive review of the current literature on the importance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the prognosis of TNBC.Keywords: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, immunotherapy, prognosis, dysfunction/exhaustion, microenvironment, immunometabolism |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:31:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27a1f768e97c411c9531196a9382d6a1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-1314 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:31:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-27a1f768e97c411c9531196a9382d6a12023-11-02T17:13:57ZengDove Medical PressBreast Cancer: Targets and Therapy1179-13142023-11-01Volume 1577378387840Advances in Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer ManagementGorenšek RKresnik MTakač IRojko TSobočan MRok Gorenšek,1,2,* Martin Kresnik,1,3,* Iztok Takač,1,4 Tomaž Rojko,1,5 Monika Sobočan1,4 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; 2Department of Oncology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; 3Department of Emergency Medicine, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; 4Division of Gynecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; 5Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Monika Sobočan, University Medical Centre Maribor, Division for Gynecology and Perinatology, Ljubljanska ulica 5, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia, Tel +386 2 321 2195, Email monika.sobocan@gmail.comAbstract: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer which does not express or expresses a minimum amount of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein. TNBCs include a heterogenic group of cancers that are aggressive, grow rapidly and are associated with poor prognosis and overall survival, mainly attributed to a lack of effective therapeutic targets. For a long time, a major issue with predicting the outcome and prognosis of TNBCs was the lack of an accurate biomarker, a molecule that helps us objectively assess a patient’s health status. In recent times, defining the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is becoming an indispensable method of determining a patient’s prognosis. TILs are found in tumor tissue and the surrounding stroma and carry a prognostic value. Furthermore, they are known to improve the effect of systemic therapy. With the rise of immunotherapy, the role of TIL in this newer therapeutic option is a topic of increased importance. The goal behind this research article is a comprehensive review of the current literature on the importance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the prognosis of TNBC.Keywords: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, immunotherapy, prognosis, dysfunction/exhaustion, microenvironment, immunometabolismhttps://www.dovepress.com/advances-in-tumour-infiltrating-lymphocytes-for-triple-negative-breast-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-BCTTtumor infiltrating lymphocytesimmunotherapyprognosisdysfunction/exhaustionmicroenvironmentimmunometabo-lism; |
| spellingShingle | Gorenšek R Kresnik M Takač I Rojko T Sobočan M Advances in Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Management Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy tumor infiltrating lymphocytes immunotherapy prognosis dysfunction/exhaustion microenvironment immunometabo-lism; |
| title | Advances in Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Management |
| title_full | Advances in Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Management |
| title_fullStr | Advances in Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Management |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Management |
| title_short | Advances in Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Management |
| title_sort | advances in tumour infiltrating lymphocytes for triple negative breast cancer management |
| topic | tumor infiltrating lymphocytes immunotherapy prognosis dysfunction/exhaustion microenvironment immunometabo-lism; |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/advances-in-tumour-infiltrating-lymphocytes-for-triple-negative-breast-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-BCTT |
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