Carnivorous Plants from Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae as a Source of Secondary Metabolites
Carnivorous plants are able to attract small animals or protozoa and retain them in their specialized traps. Later, the captured organisms are killed and digested. The nutrients contained in the prey bodies are absorbed by the plants to use for growth and reproduction. These plants produce many seco...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/5/2155 |
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| author | Magdalena Wójciak Marcin Feldo Piotr Stolarczyk Bartosz J. Płachno |
| author_facet | Magdalena Wójciak Marcin Feldo Piotr Stolarczyk Bartosz J. Płachno |
| author_sort | Magdalena Wójciak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Carnivorous plants are able to attract small animals or protozoa and retain them in their specialized traps. Later, the captured organisms are killed and digested. The nutrients contained in the prey bodies are absorbed by the plants to use for growth and reproduction. These plants produce many secondary metabolites involved in the carnivorous syndrome. The main purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the secondary metabolites in the family Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae, which were studied using modern identification techniques, i.e., high-performance liquid chromatography or ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. After literature screening, there is no doubt that tissues of species from the genera <i>Nepenthes</i>, <i>Drosera,</i> and <i>Dionaea</i> are rich sources of secondary metabolites that can be used in pharmacy and for medical purposes. The main types of the identified compounds include phenolic acids and their derivatives (gallic, protocatechuic, chlorogenic, ferulic, p-coumaric acids, gallic, hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, syringic caffeic acids, and vanillin), flavonoids (myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol derivatives), including anthocyanins (delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, and cyanidin), naphthoquinones (e.g., plumbagin, droserone, and 5-O-methyl droserone), and volatile organic compounds. Due to the biological activity of most of these substances, the importance of the carnivorous plant as a pharmaceutical crop will increase. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:17:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27a2776c398743e3a2d86aeec1bc4580 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:17:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-27a2776c398743e3a2d86aeec1bc45802023-11-17T08:12:43ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-02-01285215510.3390/molecules28052155Carnivorous Plants from Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae as a Source of Secondary MetabolitesMagdalena Wójciak0Marcin Feldo1Piotr Stolarczyk2Bartosz J. Płachno3Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Staszica St., 20-081 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 29 Listopada 54 Ave., 31-425 Cracow, PolandDepartment of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 9 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Cracow, PolandCarnivorous plants are able to attract small animals or protozoa and retain them in their specialized traps. Later, the captured organisms are killed and digested. The nutrients contained in the prey bodies are absorbed by the plants to use for growth and reproduction. These plants produce many secondary metabolites involved in the carnivorous syndrome. The main purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the secondary metabolites in the family Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae, which were studied using modern identification techniques, i.e., high-performance liquid chromatography or ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. After literature screening, there is no doubt that tissues of species from the genera <i>Nepenthes</i>, <i>Drosera,</i> and <i>Dionaea</i> are rich sources of secondary metabolites that can be used in pharmacy and for medical purposes. The main types of the identified compounds include phenolic acids and their derivatives (gallic, protocatechuic, chlorogenic, ferulic, p-coumaric acids, gallic, hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, syringic caffeic acids, and vanillin), flavonoids (myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol derivatives), including anthocyanins (delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, and cyanidin), naphthoquinones (e.g., plumbagin, droserone, and 5-O-methyl droserone), and volatile organic compounds. Due to the biological activity of most of these substances, the importance of the carnivorous plant as a pharmaceutical crop will increase.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/5/2155carnivorous plantsinsectivorous plantssecondary metabolitesnaphthoquinonespolyphenols |
| spellingShingle | Magdalena Wójciak Marcin Feldo Piotr Stolarczyk Bartosz J. Płachno Carnivorous Plants from Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae as a Source of Secondary Metabolites Molecules carnivorous plants insectivorous plants secondary metabolites naphthoquinones polyphenols |
| title | Carnivorous Plants from Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae as a Source of Secondary Metabolites |
| title_full | Carnivorous Plants from Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae as a Source of Secondary Metabolites |
| title_fullStr | Carnivorous Plants from Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae as a Source of Secondary Metabolites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carnivorous Plants from Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae as a Source of Secondary Metabolites |
| title_short | Carnivorous Plants from Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae as a Source of Secondary Metabolites |
| title_sort | carnivorous plants from nepenthaceae and droseraceae as a source of secondary metabolites |
| topic | carnivorous plants insectivorous plants secondary metabolites naphthoquinones polyphenols |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/5/2155 |
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