Green Highly Clay-Filled Polyethylene Composites as Coating Materials for Cable Industry—A New Application Route of Non-Organophilised Natural Montmorillonites in Polymeric Materials
In order to develop flame retardant and relatively <i>green</i> cable coating materials, polyethylene (PE) was melt blended with 5, 7.5, or 10 wt. % of a natural calcium montmorillonite (C–Ca) pre-dispersed in EBA (ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/6/1399 |
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| author | Stanisław Wysocki Krzysztof Kowalczyk Sandra Paszkiewicz Paweł Figiel Elżbieta Piesowicz |
| author_facet | Stanisław Wysocki Krzysztof Kowalczyk Sandra Paszkiewicz Paweł Figiel Elżbieta Piesowicz |
| author_sort | Stanisław Wysocki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In order to develop flame retardant and relatively <i>green</i> cable coating materials, polyethylene (PE) was melt blended with 5, 7.5, or 10 wt. % of a natural calcium montmorillonite (C–Ca) pre-dispersed in EBA (ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), or mEVA (EVA modified with maleic anhydride). For comparison, an organophilised montmorillonite (CW9) was tested. The main study of composites containing EBA/C–Ca, EVA/C–Ca, and mEVA/CW9 pre-dispersions revealed that both clays were not fully exfoliated in the matrix, however, C–Ca (7.5 wt. %) markedly increased limited oxygen index (LOI) from 18% O<sub>2</sub> (PE) up to 22.0% O<sub>2</sub>. An insignificantly higher LOI value (22.2% O<sub>2</sub>) was noted for a sample with 10 wt. % of CW9. The fillers did not affect hardness, but spectacularly increased Young’s modulus of the compression-moulded samples (tensile strength and elongation at break values were reduced). Thermal features of the matrix were not unpredictably changed by the clays. Generally, all the tests revealed that PE filled with the chemically untreated natural C–Ca reached similar or better mechanical and thermal features than materials containing the ammonium salt-modified montmorillonite. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:58:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27b90e4930db43ff8449d6a477713c2b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:58:03Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-27b90e4930db43ff8449d6a477713c2b2023-11-20T04:37:02ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602020-06-01126139910.3390/polym12061399Green Highly Clay-Filled Polyethylene Composites as Coating Materials for Cable Industry—A New Application Route of Non-Organophilised Natural Montmorillonites in Polymeric MaterialsStanisław Wysocki0Krzysztof Kowalczyk1Sandra Paszkiewicz2Paweł Figiel3Elżbieta Piesowicz4TELE-FONIKA Kable S.A., ul. Hipolita Cegielskiego 1, 32-400 Myślenice, PolandFaculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 19, 70-310 Szczecin, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 19, 70-310 Szczecin, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 19, 70-310 Szczecin, PolandIn order to develop flame retardant and relatively <i>green</i> cable coating materials, polyethylene (PE) was melt blended with 5, 7.5, or 10 wt. % of a natural calcium montmorillonite (C–Ca) pre-dispersed in EBA (ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), or mEVA (EVA modified with maleic anhydride). For comparison, an organophilised montmorillonite (CW9) was tested. The main study of composites containing EBA/C–Ca, EVA/C–Ca, and mEVA/CW9 pre-dispersions revealed that both clays were not fully exfoliated in the matrix, however, C–Ca (7.5 wt. %) markedly increased limited oxygen index (LOI) from 18% O<sub>2</sub> (PE) up to 22.0% O<sub>2</sub>. An insignificantly higher LOI value (22.2% O<sub>2</sub>) was noted for a sample with 10 wt. % of CW9. The fillers did not affect hardness, but spectacularly increased Young’s modulus of the compression-moulded samples (tensile strength and elongation at break values were reduced). Thermal features of the matrix were not unpredictably changed by the clays. Generally, all the tests revealed that PE filled with the chemically untreated natural C–Ca reached similar or better mechanical and thermal features than materials containing the ammonium salt-modified montmorillonite.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/6/1399polymeric compositepolyethylenecable sheathmontmorilloniteclayflame retardancy |
| spellingShingle | Stanisław Wysocki Krzysztof Kowalczyk Sandra Paszkiewicz Paweł Figiel Elżbieta Piesowicz Green Highly Clay-Filled Polyethylene Composites as Coating Materials for Cable Industry—A New Application Route of Non-Organophilised Natural Montmorillonites in Polymeric Materials Polymers polymeric composite polyethylene cable sheath montmorillonite clay flame retardancy |
| title | Green Highly Clay-Filled Polyethylene Composites as Coating Materials for Cable Industry—A New Application Route of Non-Organophilised Natural Montmorillonites in Polymeric Materials |
| title_full | Green Highly Clay-Filled Polyethylene Composites as Coating Materials for Cable Industry—A New Application Route of Non-Organophilised Natural Montmorillonites in Polymeric Materials |
| title_fullStr | Green Highly Clay-Filled Polyethylene Composites as Coating Materials for Cable Industry—A New Application Route of Non-Organophilised Natural Montmorillonites in Polymeric Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green Highly Clay-Filled Polyethylene Composites as Coating Materials for Cable Industry—A New Application Route of Non-Organophilised Natural Montmorillonites in Polymeric Materials |
| title_short | Green Highly Clay-Filled Polyethylene Composites as Coating Materials for Cable Industry—A New Application Route of Non-Organophilised Natural Montmorillonites in Polymeric Materials |
| title_sort | green highly clay filled polyethylene composites as coating materials for cable industry a new application route of non organophilised natural montmorillonites in polymeric materials |
| topic | polymeric composite polyethylene cable sheath montmorillonite clay flame retardancy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/6/1399 |
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