The Initial Myelination in the Central Nervous System
Myelination contributes not only to the rapid nerve conduction but also to axonal insulation and protection. In the central nervous system (CNS), the initial myelination features a multistep process where oligodendrocyte precursor cells undergo proliferation and migration before differentiating into...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SAGE Publishing
2023-03-01
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| Series: | ASN Neuro |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/17590914231163039 |
| _version_ | 1797858602491314176 |
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| author | Qiang Yu Teng Guan Ying Guo Jiming Kong |
| author_facet | Qiang Yu Teng Guan Ying Guo Jiming Kong |
| author_sort | Qiang Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Myelination contributes not only to the rapid nerve conduction but also to axonal insulation and protection. In the central nervous system (CNS), the initial myelination features a multistep process where oligodendrocyte precursor cells undergo proliferation and migration before differentiating into mature oligodendrocytes. Mature oligodendrocytes then extend processes and wrap around axons to form the multilayered myelin sheath. These steps are tightly regulated by various cellular and molecular mechanisms, such as transcription factors (Olig family, Sox family), growth factors (PDGF, BDNF, FGF-2, IGF), chemokines/cytokines (TGF-β, IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, IFN-γ), hormones (T3), axonal signals (PSA-NCAM, L1-CAM, LINGO-1, neural activity), and intracellular signaling pathways (Wnt/β-catenin, PI3 K/AKT/mTOR, ERK/MAPK). However, the fundamental mechanisms for initial myelination are yet to be fully elucidated. Identifying pivotal mechanisms for myelination onset, development, and repair will become the focus of future studies. This review focuses on the current understanding of how CNS myelination is initiated and also the regulatory mechanisms underlying the process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:15:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27bd27ea2ea14d8fb660694ff91410c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1759-0914 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:15:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | ASN Neuro |
| spelling | doaj.art-27bd27ea2ea14d8fb660694ff91410c12023-03-28T09:03:41ZengSAGE PublishingASN Neuro1759-09142023-03-011510.1177/17590914231163039The Initial Myelination in the Central Nervous SystemQiang Yu0Teng Guan1Ying Guo2Jiming Kong3 Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Department of Forensic Medicine, , Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, , Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaMyelination contributes not only to the rapid nerve conduction but also to axonal insulation and protection. In the central nervous system (CNS), the initial myelination features a multistep process where oligodendrocyte precursor cells undergo proliferation and migration before differentiating into mature oligodendrocytes. Mature oligodendrocytes then extend processes and wrap around axons to form the multilayered myelin sheath. These steps are tightly regulated by various cellular and molecular mechanisms, such as transcription factors (Olig family, Sox family), growth factors (PDGF, BDNF, FGF-2, IGF), chemokines/cytokines (TGF-β, IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, IFN-γ), hormones (T3), axonal signals (PSA-NCAM, L1-CAM, LINGO-1, neural activity), and intracellular signaling pathways (Wnt/β-catenin, PI3 K/AKT/mTOR, ERK/MAPK). However, the fundamental mechanisms for initial myelination are yet to be fully elucidated. Identifying pivotal mechanisms for myelination onset, development, and repair will become the focus of future studies. This review focuses on the current understanding of how CNS myelination is initiated and also the regulatory mechanisms underlying the process.https://doi.org/10.1177/17590914231163039 |
| spellingShingle | Qiang Yu Teng Guan Ying Guo Jiming Kong The Initial Myelination in the Central Nervous System ASN Neuro |
| title | The Initial Myelination in the Central Nervous System |
| title_full | The Initial Myelination in the Central Nervous System |
| title_fullStr | The Initial Myelination in the Central Nervous System |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Initial Myelination in the Central Nervous System |
| title_short | The Initial Myelination in the Central Nervous System |
| title_sort | initial myelination in the central nervous system |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/17590914231163039 |
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