The critical periods of cerebral plasticity: A key aspect in a dialog between psychoanalysis and neuroscience centered on the psychopathology of schizophrenia
Through research into the molecular and cellular mechanisms that occur during critical periods, recent experimental neurobiological data have brought to light the importance of early childhood. These have demonstrated that childhood and early environmental stimuli play a part not only in our subject...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2022.1057539/full |
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| author | Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Pierre J. Magistretti Pierre J. Magistretti Pierre J. Magistretti Francois Ansermet Francois Ansermet |
| author_facet | Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Pierre J. Magistretti Pierre J. Magistretti Pierre J. Magistretti Francois Ansermet Francois Ansermet |
| author_sort | Jessica Tran The |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Through research into the molecular and cellular mechanisms that occur during critical periods, recent experimental neurobiological data have brought to light the importance of early childhood. These have demonstrated that childhood and early environmental stimuli play a part not only in our subjective construction, but also in brain development; thus, confirming Freud’s intuition regarding the central role of childhood and early experiences of the environment in our psychological development and our subjective outcomes. “Critical periods” of cerebral development represent temporal windows that mark favorable, but also circumscribed, moments in developmental cerebral plasticity. They also vary between different cortical areas. There are, therefore, strictly defined temporal periods for learning language, music, etc., after which this learning becomes more difficult, or even impossible, to acquire. Now, research into these critical periods can be seen as having a significant part to play in the interdisciplinary dialog between psychoanalysis and neurosciences with regard to the role of early experiences in the etiology of some psychopathological conditions. Research into the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling the onset and end of these critical periods, notably controlled by the maturation of parvalbumin-expressing basket cells, have brought to light the presence of anomalies in the maturation of these neurons in patients with schizophrenia. Starting from these findings we propose revisiting the psychoanalytic theories on the etiology of psychosis from an interdisciplinary perspective. Our study works from the observation, common to both psychoanalysis and neurosciences, that experience leaves a trace; be it a “psychic” or a “synaptic” trace. Thus, we develop a hypothesis for an “absence of trace” in psychosis; reexamining psychosis through the prism of the biological theory of critical periods in plasticity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:53:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27c0298d693649e899a3cf9a568ef929 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5099 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:53:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-27c0298d693649e899a3cf9a568ef9292022-12-22T04:23:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience1662-50992022-12-011510.3389/fnmol.2022.10575391057539The critical periods of cerebral plasticity: A key aspect in a dialog between psychoanalysis and neuroscience centered on the psychopathology of schizophreniaJessica Tran The0Jessica Tran The1Jessica Tran The2Jessica Tran The3Jessica Tran The4Jessica Tran The5Pierre J. Magistretti6Pierre J. Magistretti7Pierre J. Magistretti8Francois Ansermet9Francois Ansermet10INSERM U1077 Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, FranceEcole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Paris, FranceUFR de Psychologie, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, FranceCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, FranceCyceron, Caen, FranceAgalma Foundation Geneva, Chemin des Mines, SwitzerlandAgalma Foundation Geneva, Chemin des Mines, SwitzerlandBrain Mind Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandDivision of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi ArabiaAgalma Foundation Geneva, Chemin des Mines, SwitzerlandDépartement de Psychiatrie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Genève, Geneva, SwitzerlandThrough research into the molecular and cellular mechanisms that occur during critical periods, recent experimental neurobiological data have brought to light the importance of early childhood. These have demonstrated that childhood and early environmental stimuli play a part not only in our subjective construction, but also in brain development; thus, confirming Freud’s intuition regarding the central role of childhood and early experiences of the environment in our psychological development and our subjective outcomes. “Critical periods” of cerebral development represent temporal windows that mark favorable, but also circumscribed, moments in developmental cerebral plasticity. They also vary between different cortical areas. There are, therefore, strictly defined temporal periods for learning language, music, etc., after which this learning becomes more difficult, or even impossible, to acquire. Now, research into these critical periods can be seen as having a significant part to play in the interdisciplinary dialog between psychoanalysis and neurosciences with regard to the role of early experiences in the etiology of some psychopathological conditions. Research into the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling the onset and end of these critical periods, notably controlled by the maturation of parvalbumin-expressing basket cells, have brought to light the presence of anomalies in the maturation of these neurons in patients with schizophrenia. Starting from these findings we propose revisiting the psychoanalytic theories on the etiology of psychosis from an interdisciplinary perspective. Our study works from the observation, common to both psychoanalysis and neurosciences, that experience leaves a trace; be it a “psychic” or a “synaptic” trace. Thus, we develop a hypothesis for an “absence of trace” in psychosis; reexamining psychosis through the prism of the biological theory of critical periods in plasticity.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2022.1057539/fullschizophreniapsychoanalysiscerebral plasticityenvironmentpsychosis |
| spellingShingle | Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Jessica Tran The Pierre J. Magistretti Pierre J. Magistretti Pierre J. Magistretti Francois Ansermet Francois Ansermet The critical periods of cerebral plasticity: A key aspect in a dialog between psychoanalysis and neuroscience centered on the psychopathology of schizophrenia Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience schizophrenia psychoanalysis cerebral plasticity environment psychosis |
| title | The critical periods of cerebral plasticity: A key aspect in a dialog between psychoanalysis and neuroscience centered on the psychopathology of schizophrenia |
| title_full | The critical periods of cerebral plasticity: A key aspect in a dialog between psychoanalysis and neuroscience centered on the psychopathology of schizophrenia |
| title_fullStr | The critical periods of cerebral plasticity: A key aspect in a dialog between psychoanalysis and neuroscience centered on the psychopathology of schizophrenia |
| title_full_unstemmed | The critical periods of cerebral plasticity: A key aspect in a dialog between psychoanalysis and neuroscience centered on the psychopathology of schizophrenia |
| title_short | The critical periods of cerebral plasticity: A key aspect in a dialog between psychoanalysis and neuroscience centered on the psychopathology of schizophrenia |
| title_sort | critical periods of cerebral plasticity a key aspect in a dialog between psychoanalysis and neuroscience centered on the psychopathology of schizophrenia |
| topic | schizophrenia psychoanalysis cerebral plasticity environment psychosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2022.1057539/full |
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