Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in wound healing: harnessing a dual-edged sword
Chronic wounds take longer to heal and, if left untreated, can result in severe repercussions such as sepsis, gangrene, and amputation. The current treatment procedures followed are wound cleaning and debridement, specialized dressings, antibiotics and antiseptics, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and vac...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Bioscientifica
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | Redox Experimental Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://rem.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/rem/2024/1/REM-23-0026.xml |
| _version_ | 1797338139173322752 |
|---|---|
| author | Roopak Murali Rachel Evangelina Joanna Pauline Samuel Pooja Singh Shivangi Saha Maneesh Singhal Rajesh Kumar Gandhirajan |
| author_facet | Roopak Murali Rachel Evangelina Joanna Pauline Samuel Pooja Singh Shivangi Saha Maneesh Singhal Rajesh Kumar Gandhirajan |
| author_sort | Roopak Murali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chronic wounds take longer to heal and, if left untreated, can result in severe repercussions such as sepsis, gangrene, and amputation. The current treatment procedures followed are wound cleaning and debridement, specialized dressings, antibiotics and antiseptics, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and vacuum-assisted wound closure. Some of the limitations of these treatment options are multidrug resistance and tissue toxicity. Cold plasma is an emerging technology that has opened a new frontier in biomedical applications and is found to have great utility in wound healing. Cold plasma comprises reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) that can be targeted against bacterial inactivation and improve wound healing. The amount of RONS produced can be controlled by several parameters such as gas composition, flow rate, power, frequency, voltage, distance, and exposure time. The reactive species causes damage to the cell membrane as well as the intracellular components which ultimately lead to bacterial cell death. It can also accelerate wound healing by activating neutrophils, macrophages, endothelial cells, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts. These help in maintaining tissue oxygenation, initiating angiogenesis, collagen synthesis which aids in rapid wound closure. In this review, we summarize the various characteristics of cold plasma that can be optimized to produce an effective antimicrobial effect. The different mechanisms of bacterial inactivation and the stimulation of wound healing processes by the reactive species are discussed. Furthermore, numerous pieces of evidence from in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical trials that prove that cold plasma is an effective approach are presented. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:26:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27c7a252072f44ad94356f78df85ff2d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2755-158X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:26:40Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Bioscientifica |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Redox Experimental Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-27c7a252072f44ad94356f78df85ff2d2024-01-31T08:32:38ZengBioscientificaRedox Experimental Medicine2755-158X2024-01-0120241118https://doi.org/10.1530/REM-23-0026Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in wound healing: harnessing a dual-edged swordRoopak Murali0Rachel Evangelina1Joanna Pauline Samuel2Pooja Singh3Shivangi Saha4Maneesh Singhal5Rajesh Kumar Gandhirajan6Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai, IndiaDepartment of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai, IndiaDepartment of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai, IndiaDepartment of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai, IndiaDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Burns Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, IndiaDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Burns Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, IndiaDepartment of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai, IndiaChronic wounds take longer to heal and, if left untreated, can result in severe repercussions such as sepsis, gangrene, and amputation. The current treatment procedures followed are wound cleaning and debridement, specialized dressings, antibiotics and antiseptics, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and vacuum-assisted wound closure. Some of the limitations of these treatment options are multidrug resistance and tissue toxicity. Cold plasma is an emerging technology that has opened a new frontier in biomedical applications and is found to have great utility in wound healing. Cold plasma comprises reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) that can be targeted against bacterial inactivation and improve wound healing. The amount of RONS produced can be controlled by several parameters such as gas composition, flow rate, power, frequency, voltage, distance, and exposure time. The reactive species causes damage to the cell membrane as well as the intracellular components which ultimately lead to bacterial cell death. It can also accelerate wound healing by activating neutrophils, macrophages, endothelial cells, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts. These help in maintaining tissue oxygenation, initiating angiogenesis, collagen synthesis which aids in rapid wound closure. In this review, we summarize the various characteristics of cold plasma that can be optimized to produce an effective antimicrobial effect. The different mechanisms of bacterial inactivation and the stimulation of wound healing processes by the reactive species are discussed. Furthermore, numerous pieces of evidence from in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical trials that prove that cold plasma is an effective approach are presented.https://rem.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/rem/2024/1/REM-23-0026.xmlcold atmospheric plasmareactive oxygen specieschronic woundsantimicrobial effects |
| spellingShingle | Roopak Murali Rachel Evangelina Joanna Pauline Samuel Pooja Singh Shivangi Saha Maneesh Singhal Rajesh Kumar Gandhirajan Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in wound healing: harnessing a dual-edged sword Redox Experimental Medicine cold atmospheric plasma reactive oxygen species chronic wounds antimicrobial effects |
| title | Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in wound healing: harnessing a dual-edged sword |
| title_full | Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in wound healing: harnessing a dual-edged sword |
| title_fullStr | Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in wound healing: harnessing a dual-edged sword |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in wound healing: harnessing a dual-edged sword |
| title_short | Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in wound healing: harnessing a dual-edged sword |
| title_sort | cold atmospheric plasma cap in wound healing harnessing a dual edged sword |
| topic | cold atmospheric plasma reactive oxygen species chronic wounds antimicrobial effects |
| url | https://rem.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/rem/2024/1/REM-23-0026.xml |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT roopakmurali coldatmosphericplasmacapinwoundhealingharnessingadualedgedsword AT rachelevangelina coldatmosphericplasmacapinwoundhealingharnessingadualedgedsword AT joannapaulinesamuel coldatmosphericplasmacapinwoundhealingharnessingadualedgedsword AT poojasingh coldatmosphericplasmacapinwoundhealingharnessingadualedgedsword AT shivangisaha coldatmosphericplasmacapinwoundhealingharnessingadualedgedsword AT maneeshsinghal coldatmosphericplasmacapinwoundhealingharnessingadualedgedsword AT rajeshkumargandhirajan coldatmosphericplasmacapinwoundhealingharnessingadualedgedsword |