Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes
An interesting class of physical systems, including those associated with life, demonstrates the ability to hold thermalization at bay and perpetuate states of high free-energy compared to a local environment. In this work we study quantum systems with no external sources or sinks for energy, heat,...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Entropy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/6/947 |
| _version_ | 1827737400068014080 |
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| author | Unnati Akhouri Sarah Shandera Gaukhar Yesmurzayeva |
| author_facet | Unnati Akhouri Sarah Shandera Gaukhar Yesmurzayeva |
| author_sort | Unnati Akhouri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An interesting class of physical systems, including those associated with life, demonstrates the ability to hold thermalization at bay and perpetuate states of high free-energy compared to a local environment. In this work we study quantum systems with no external sources or sinks for energy, heat, work, or entropy that allow for high free-energy subsystems to form and persist. We initialize systems of qubits in mixed, uncorrelated states and evolve them subject to a conservation law. We find that four qubits make up the minimal system for which these restricted dynamics and initial conditions allow an increase in extractable work for a subsystem. On landscapes of eight co-evolving qubits, interacting in randomly selected subsystems at each step, we demonstrate that restricted connectivity and an inhomogeneous distribution of initial temperatures both lead to landscapes with longer intervals of increasing extractable work for individual qubits. We demonstrate the role of correlations that develop on the landscape in enabling a positive change in extractable work. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:29:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27cc1a047fdf42438b89fff510ee8d19 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:29:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-27cc1a047fdf42438b89fff510ee8d192023-11-18T10:18:39ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002023-06-0125694710.3390/e25060947Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit LandscapesUnnati Akhouri0Sarah Shandera1Gaukhar Yesmurzayeva2Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USAInstitute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USAInstitute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USAAn interesting class of physical systems, including those associated with life, demonstrates the ability to hold thermalization at bay and perpetuate states of high free-energy compared to a local environment. In this work we study quantum systems with no external sources or sinks for energy, heat, work, or entropy that allow for high free-energy subsystems to form and persist. We initialize systems of qubits in mixed, uncorrelated states and evolve them subject to a conservation law. We find that four qubits make up the minimal system for which these restricted dynamics and initial conditions allow an increase in extractable work for a subsystem. On landscapes of eight co-evolving qubits, interacting in randomly selected subsystems at each step, we demonstrate that restricted connectivity and an inhomogeneous distribution of initial temperatures both lead to landscapes with longer intervals of increasing extractable work for individual qubits. We demonstrate the role of correlations that develop on the landscape in enabling a positive change in extractable work.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/6/947open quantum systemsnon-equilibrium dynamicsquantum thermodynamics |
| spellingShingle | Unnati Akhouri Sarah Shandera Gaukhar Yesmurzayeva Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes Entropy open quantum systems non-equilibrium dynamics quantum thermodynamics |
| title | Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes |
| title_full | Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes |
| title_fullStr | Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes |
| title_short | Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes |
| title_sort | increasing extractable work in small qubit landscapes |
| topic | open quantum systems non-equilibrium dynamics quantum thermodynamics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/25/6/947 |
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