Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies
The gut microbiota (GM) represents a diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms and about 100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells that dwell in the gastrointestinal tract. Studies suggest that the GM can influence the health of the host, and several factors can modify the GM composition, such a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/2/690 |
| _version_ | 1797395759620947968 |
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| author | Umair Shabbir Muhammad Sajid Arshad Aysha Sameen Deog-Hwan Oh |
| author_facet | Umair Shabbir Muhammad Sajid Arshad Aysha Sameen Deog-Hwan Oh |
| author_sort | Umair Shabbir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The gut microbiota (GM) represents a diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms and about 100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells that dwell in the gastrointestinal tract. Studies suggest that the GM can influence the health of the host, and several factors can modify the GM composition, such as diet, drug intake, lifestyle, and geographical locations. Gut dysbiosis can affect brain immune homeostasis through the microbiota–gut–brain axis and can play a key role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The relationship between gut dysbiosis and AD is still elusive, but emerging evidence suggests that it can enhance the secretion of lipopolysaccharides and amyloids that may disturb intestinal permeability and the blood–brain barrier. In addition, it can promote the hallmarks of AD, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta formation, insulin resistance, and ultimately the causation of neural death. Poor dietary habits and aging, along with inflammatory responses due to dysbiosis, may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, GM modulation through diet, probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation could represent potential therapeutics in AD. In this review, we discuss the role of GM dysbiosis in AD and potential therapeutic strategies to modulate GM in AD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:40:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27d2a000267743279a95c10a997449e5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:40:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-27d2a000267743279a95c10a997449e52023-12-11T17:53:16ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-02-0113269010.3390/nu13020690Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation StrategiesUmair Shabbir0Muhammad Sajid Arshad1Aysha Sameen2Deog-Hwan Oh3Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaDepartment of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanNational Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanDepartment of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, KoreaThe gut microbiota (GM) represents a diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms and about 100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells that dwell in the gastrointestinal tract. Studies suggest that the GM can influence the health of the host, and several factors can modify the GM composition, such as diet, drug intake, lifestyle, and geographical locations. Gut dysbiosis can affect brain immune homeostasis through the microbiota–gut–brain axis and can play a key role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The relationship between gut dysbiosis and AD is still elusive, but emerging evidence suggests that it can enhance the secretion of lipopolysaccharides and amyloids that may disturb intestinal permeability and the blood–brain barrier. In addition, it can promote the hallmarks of AD, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta formation, insulin resistance, and ultimately the causation of neural death. Poor dietary habits and aging, along with inflammatory responses due to dysbiosis, may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, GM modulation through diet, probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation could represent potential therapeutics in AD. In this review, we discuss the role of GM dysbiosis in AD and potential therapeutic strategies to modulate GM in AD.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/2/690gut dysbiosismicrobial metabolitesdietprobioticsneurodegenerative diseases |
| spellingShingle | Umair Shabbir Muhammad Sajid Arshad Aysha Sameen Deog-Hwan Oh Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies Nutrients gut dysbiosis microbial metabolites diet probiotics neurodegenerative diseases |
| title | Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies |
| title_full | Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies |
| title_fullStr | Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies |
| title_short | Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies |
| title_sort | crosstalk between gut and brain in alzheimer s disease the role of gut microbiota modulation strategies |
| topic | gut dysbiosis microbial metabolites diet probiotics neurodegenerative diseases |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/2/690 |
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