The GRAS Salts of Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> Control Citrus Postharvest Pathogens by Disrupting the Cell Membrane
Sodium silicate (Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub>) are inorganic salts classified as ‘Generally Recognized as Safe’ (GRAS) compounds with great advantages in controlling various pathogens of post...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/12/2368 |
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| author | Juan Zhao Yuqing Wang Qianyi Liu Shuqi Liu Hui Pan Yunjiang Cheng Chaoan Long |
| author_facet | Juan Zhao Yuqing Wang Qianyi Liu Shuqi Liu Hui Pan Yunjiang Cheng Chaoan Long |
| author_sort | Juan Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sodium silicate (Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub>) are inorganic salts classified as ‘Generally Recognized as Safe’ (GRAS) compounds with great advantages in controlling various pathogens of postharvest fruits and vegetables. Here, we determined the median effective concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) of Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> (0.06%, 0.05%, 0.07% and 0.08%) and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> (0.11%, 0.08%, 0.5%, and 0.07%) against common pathogens affecting postharvest citrus fruit, including <i>Penicillium digitatum</i>, <i>Penicillium italicum</i>, <i>Geotrichum citri-aurantii</i>, and <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i>. Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> treatments at the EC<sub>50</sub> decreased the spore germination rate, visibly disrupted the spore cell membrane integrity, and significantly increased the lipid droplets (LDs) of the four postharvest pathogens. Moreover, both treatments at EC<sub>50</sub> significantly reduced the disease incidence of <i>P. italicum</i> (by 60% and 93.335, respectively) and <i>G. citri-aurantii</i> (by 50% and 76.67%, respectively) relative to the control. Furthermore, Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> treatment resulted in dramatically lower disease severity of the four pathogens, while also demonstrating no significant change in citrus fruit quality compared with the control. Therefore, Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> present a promising approach to control the postharvest diseases of citrus fruit. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:28:27Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:28:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-27e16a6a8e90477e96c2b5fd143f30f82023-11-18T10:24:49ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-06-011212236810.3390/foods12122368The GRAS Salts of Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> Control Citrus Postharvest Pathogens by Disrupting the Cell MembraneJuan Zhao0Yuqing Wang1Qianyi Liu2Shuqi Liu3Hui Pan4Yunjiang Cheng5Chaoan Long6National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaSodium silicate (Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub>) are inorganic salts classified as ‘Generally Recognized as Safe’ (GRAS) compounds with great advantages in controlling various pathogens of postharvest fruits and vegetables. Here, we determined the median effective concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) of Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> (0.06%, 0.05%, 0.07% and 0.08%) and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> (0.11%, 0.08%, 0.5%, and 0.07%) against common pathogens affecting postharvest citrus fruit, including <i>Penicillium digitatum</i>, <i>Penicillium italicum</i>, <i>Geotrichum citri-aurantii</i>, and <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i>. Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> treatments at the EC<sub>50</sub> decreased the spore germination rate, visibly disrupted the spore cell membrane integrity, and significantly increased the lipid droplets (LDs) of the four postharvest pathogens. Moreover, both treatments at EC<sub>50</sub> significantly reduced the disease incidence of <i>P. italicum</i> (by 60% and 93.335, respectively) and <i>G. citri-aurantii</i> (by 50% and 76.67%, respectively) relative to the control. Furthermore, Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> treatment resulted in dramatically lower disease severity of the four pathogens, while also demonstrating no significant change in citrus fruit quality compared with the control. Therefore, Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> present a promising approach to control the postharvest diseases of citrus fruit.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/12/2368GRAS saltsEC<sub>50</sub>postharvest pathogensspore germinationlipid droplets |
| spellingShingle | Juan Zhao Yuqing Wang Qianyi Liu Shuqi Liu Hui Pan Yunjiang Cheng Chaoan Long The GRAS Salts of Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> Control Citrus Postharvest Pathogens by Disrupting the Cell Membrane Foods GRAS salts EC<sub>50</sub> postharvest pathogens spore germination lipid droplets |
| title | The GRAS Salts of Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> Control Citrus Postharvest Pathogens by Disrupting the Cell Membrane |
| title_full | The GRAS Salts of Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> Control Citrus Postharvest Pathogens by Disrupting the Cell Membrane |
| title_fullStr | The GRAS Salts of Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> Control Citrus Postharvest Pathogens by Disrupting the Cell Membrane |
| title_full_unstemmed | The GRAS Salts of Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> Control Citrus Postharvest Pathogens by Disrupting the Cell Membrane |
| title_short | The GRAS Salts of Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and EDTA-Na<sub>2</sub> Control Citrus Postharvest Pathogens by Disrupting the Cell Membrane |
| title_sort | gras salts of na sub 2 sub sio sub 3 sub and edta na sub 2 sub control citrus postharvest pathogens by disrupting the cell membrane |
| topic | GRAS salts EC<sub>50</sub> postharvest pathogens spore germination lipid droplets |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/12/2368 |
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