Extracts from <i>Frangula alnus</i> Mill. and Their Effects on Environmental and Probiotic Bacteria
The bark of <i>Frangula alnus</i> Mill (FAM), the so-called alder buckthorn, has been widely investigated for its medicinal properties, especially its laxative effects and the bioactive properties of the plant material extract. Still, there is no wider study devoted to its antibacterial...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/20/2719 |
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| author | Agata Kledecka Przemysław Siejak Anubhav Pratap-Singh Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski Farahnaz Fathordoobady Maciej Jarzębski Wojciech Smułek |
| author_facet | Agata Kledecka Przemysław Siejak Anubhav Pratap-Singh Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski Farahnaz Fathordoobady Maciej Jarzębski Wojciech Smułek |
| author_sort | Agata Kledecka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The bark of <i>Frangula alnus</i> Mill (FAM), the so-called alder buckthorn, has been widely investigated for its medicinal properties, especially its laxative effects and the bioactive properties of the plant material extract. Still, there is no wider study devoted to its antibacterial properties. This is important in the context of its impact on probiotic gut bacteria. The aim of the research was to recognize the effect of FAM extract on bacterial cells, and to determine how the bioactive properties and composition of the extract are influenced by the type of solvent used for the extraction. To find the most suitable conditions for the FAM extraction, we used four solvent solutions with different polarities, including water, methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol. We assessed the quality and composition of the extracts with spectral analysis, using spectrophotometric (FTIR, UV-Vis) and chromatographic methods (GC-MS). Finally, we analyzed the extractant impact of the extracts on the selected bacterial cells. The results showed that the chemical diversity of the extracts increased with the increase in solvent polarity, in which the abundance of frangulin, the main bioactive compound in buckthorn bark, was confirmed. <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> ATCC 17400 was particularly sensitive to the action of extracts, whereas other strains of the <i>Pseudomonas</i> genus showed practically no adverse effects. Ethanolic extracts had the strongest effect on most of the selected bacteria strains. We found that the probiotic <i>Lactobacillus</i> strain, which represents intestinal microflora, has no direct effect on probiotic microorganisms. The research shown FAM extracts can be safe for probiotic bacteria present in human gut microflora. Moreover, the study indicated that contact with the extracts may reduce the total permeability of the bacterial membranes. This opens up the possibility of using FAM extracts as a factor regulating transport into cells, which may be used to support the action of other bioactive substances. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:33:22Z |
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| id | doaj.art-27e2ca27e67246bb9ec2d44a82b11f8d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:33:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-27e2ca27e67246bb9ec2d44a82b11f8d2023-11-24T02:04:11ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-10-011120271910.3390/plants11202719Extracts from <i>Frangula alnus</i> Mill. and Their Effects on Environmental and Probiotic BacteriaAgata Kledecka0Przemysław Siejak1Anubhav Pratap-Singh2Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski3Farahnaz Fathordoobady4Maciej Jarzębski5Wojciech Smułek6Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 4 Berdychowo Str., 60-965 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Physics and Biophysics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 38/42 Wojska Polskiego Str., 60-637 Poznań, PolandFood Nutrition and Health Program, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, CanadaDepartment of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego Str., 60-637 Poznań, PolandFood Nutrition and Health Program, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, CanadaDepartment of Physics and Biophysics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 38/42 Wojska Polskiego Str., 60-637 Poznań, PolandInstitute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 4 Berdychowo Str., 60-965 Poznań, PolandThe bark of <i>Frangula alnus</i> Mill (FAM), the so-called alder buckthorn, has been widely investigated for its medicinal properties, especially its laxative effects and the bioactive properties of the plant material extract. Still, there is no wider study devoted to its antibacterial properties. This is important in the context of its impact on probiotic gut bacteria. The aim of the research was to recognize the effect of FAM extract on bacterial cells, and to determine how the bioactive properties and composition of the extract are influenced by the type of solvent used for the extraction. To find the most suitable conditions for the FAM extraction, we used four solvent solutions with different polarities, including water, methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol. We assessed the quality and composition of the extracts with spectral analysis, using spectrophotometric (FTIR, UV-Vis) and chromatographic methods (GC-MS). Finally, we analyzed the extractant impact of the extracts on the selected bacterial cells. The results showed that the chemical diversity of the extracts increased with the increase in solvent polarity, in which the abundance of frangulin, the main bioactive compound in buckthorn bark, was confirmed. <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> ATCC 17400 was particularly sensitive to the action of extracts, whereas other strains of the <i>Pseudomonas</i> genus showed practically no adverse effects. Ethanolic extracts had the strongest effect on most of the selected bacteria strains. We found that the probiotic <i>Lactobacillus</i> strain, which represents intestinal microflora, has no direct effect on probiotic microorganisms. The research shown FAM extracts can be safe for probiotic bacteria present in human gut microflora. Moreover, the study indicated that contact with the extracts may reduce the total permeability of the bacterial membranes. This opens up the possibility of using FAM extracts as a factor regulating transport into cells, which may be used to support the action of other bioactive substances.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/20/2719anthraquinonesfrangulinbuckthornbiomembranepermeability |
| spellingShingle | Agata Kledecka Przemysław Siejak Anubhav Pratap-Singh Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski Farahnaz Fathordoobady Maciej Jarzębski Wojciech Smułek Extracts from <i>Frangula alnus</i> Mill. and Their Effects on Environmental and Probiotic Bacteria Plants anthraquinones frangulin buckthorn biomembrane permeability |
| title | Extracts from <i>Frangula alnus</i> Mill. and Their Effects on Environmental and Probiotic Bacteria |
| title_full | Extracts from <i>Frangula alnus</i> Mill. and Their Effects on Environmental and Probiotic Bacteria |
| title_fullStr | Extracts from <i>Frangula alnus</i> Mill. and Their Effects on Environmental and Probiotic Bacteria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracts from <i>Frangula alnus</i> Mill. and Their Effects on Environmental and Probiotic Bacteria |
| title_short | Extracts from <i>Frangula alnus</i> Mill. and Their Effects on Environmental and Probiotic Bacteria |
| title_sort | extracts from i frangula alnus i mill and their effects on environmental and probiotic bacteria |
| topic | anthraquinones frangulin buckthorn biomembrane permeability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/20/2719 |
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