Adherence to Mediterranean Diet: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is recommended for cardiovascular disease prevention. However, recent epidemiological studies report a shift toward lower adherence to MedDiet. We have conducted a prospective cohort study to evaluate changes in individual determinants of MedDiet adheren...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/8/1844 |
| _version_ | 1797604006745341952 |
|---|---|
| author | Elisa Mattavelli Elena Olmastroni Manuela Casula Liliana Grigore Fabio Pellegatta Andrea Baragetti Paolo Magni Alberico L. Catapano |
| author_facet | Elisa Mattavelli Elena Olmastroni Manuela Casula Liliana Grigore Fabio Pellegatta Andrea Baragetti Paolo Magni Alberico L. Catapano |
| author_sort | Elisa Mattavelli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is recommended for cardiovascular disease prevention. However, recent epidemiological studies report a shift toward lower adherence to MedDiet. We have conducted a prospective cohort study to evaluate changes in individual determinants of MedDiet adherence over time. Clinical information and MedDiet adherence score (MEDAS) were collected in 711 subjects (mean age 68 ± 10 years; 42% males), enrolled in the PLIC study (Progression of Intimal Atherosclerotic Lesions in Carotid arteries), during two visits conducted, on average, 4.5 years apart. MEDAS score worsening and improvements (absolute change, ΔMEDAS) and the variation in the proportion of subjects reporting to meet each MEDAS criteria were assessed. Overall, 34% of the subjects improved their MedDiet adherence (ΔMEDAS: +1.87 ± 1.13), by consuming more olive oil, legumes and fish and use of dishes seasoned with sofrito and 48% subjects worsened their MedDiet adherence (ΔMEDAS: −2.02 ± 1.14) by consuming less fruit, legumes, fish and nuts, with higher rates of worsening in women and subjects aged 50–65 years. Subjects who improved the score were more obese, had higher plasma glucose levels, and metabolic syndrome at the basal visit. In summary, we report an overall decrease in MedDiet adherence, evaluated during a timeframe heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, underlining the need for better dietary interventions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:40:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27e6b4475acd4a14bceb4e05640006db |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:40:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-27e6b4475acd4a14bceb4e05640006db2023-11-17T20:45:16ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-04-01158184410.3390/nu15081844Adherence to Mediterranean Diet: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort StudyElisa Mattavelli0Elena Olmastroni1Manuela Casula2Liliana Grigore3Fabio Pellegatta4Andrea Baragetti5Paolo Magni6Alberico L. Catapano7Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyMultiMedica IRCCS, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, ItalyMultiMedica IRCCS, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, ItalyMultiMedica IRCCS, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, ItalyMultiMedica IRCCS, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyMultiMedica IRCCS, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, ItalyAdherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is recommended for cardiovascular disease prevention. However, recent epidemiological studies report a shift toward lower adherence to MedDiet. We have conducted a prospective cohort study to evaluate changes in individual determinants of MedDiet adherence over time. Clinical information and MedDiet adherence score (MEDAS) were collected in 711 subjects (mean age 68 ± 10 years; 42% males), enrolled in the PLIC study (Progression of Intimal Atherosclerotic Lesions in Carotid arteries), during two visits conducted, on average, 4.5 years apart. MEDAS score worsening and improvements (absolute change, ΔMEDAS) and the variation in the proportion of subjects reporting to meet each MEDAS criteria were assessed. Overall, 34% of the subjects improved their MedDiet adherence (ΔMEDAS: +1.87 ± 1.13), by consuming more olive oil, legumes and fish and use of dishes seasoned with sofrito and 48% subjects worsened their MedDiet adherence (ΔMEDAS: −2.02 ± 1.14) by consuming less fruit, legumes, fish and nuts, with higher rates of worsening in women and subjects aged 50–65 years. Subjects who improved the score were more obese, had higher plasma glucose levels, and metabolic syndrome at the basal visit. In summary, we report an overall decrease in MedDiet adherence, evaluated during a timeframe heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, underlining the need for better dietary interventions.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/8/1844mediterranean diet adherencecardiovascular diseasemetabolic diseaselongitudinal study |
| spellingShingle | Elisa Mattavelli Elena Olmastroni Manuela Casula Liliana Grigore Fabio Pellegatta Andrea Baragetti Paolo Magni Alberico L. Catapano Adherence to Mediterranean Diet: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study Nutrients mediterranean diet adherence cardiovascular disease metabolic disease longitudinal study |
| title | Adherence to Mediterranean Diet: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study |
| title_full | Adherence to Mediterranean Diet: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Adherence to Mediterranean Diet: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adherence to Mediterranean Diet: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study |
| title_short | Adherence to Mediterranean Diet: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study |
| title_sort | adherence to mediterranean diet a population based longitudinal cohort study |
| topic | mediterranean diet adherence cardiovascular disease metabolic disease longitudinal study |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/8/1844 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT elisamattavelli adherencetomediterraneandietapopulationbasedlongitudinalcohortstudy AT elenaolmastroni adherencetomediterraneandietapopulationbasedlongitudinalcohortstudy AT manuelacasula adherencetomediterraneandietapopulationbasedlongitudinalcohortstudy AT lilianagrigore adherencetomediterraneandietapopulationbasedlongitudinalcohortstudy AT fabiopellegatta adherencetomediterraneandietapopulationbasedlongitudinalcohortstudy AT andreabaragetti adherencetomediterraneandietapopulationbasedlongitudinalcohortstudy AT paolomagni adherencetomediterraneandietapopulationbasedlongitudinalcohortstudy AT albericolcatapano adherencetomediterraneandietapopulationbasedlongitudinalcohortstudy |