Ohmic Dissipation During the Formation of Super-Earth
The super-Earth population, as one of the representatives of exoplanets, plays an important role in constraining the planet formation theories. According to the prediction from core-accretion models, super-Earths should be rare because their masses are in the range of the critical mass above which t...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd4bc |
| _version_ | 1797694503749943296 |
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| author | Shi Jia Wei, Zhong Cong Yu |
| author_facet | Shi Jia Wei, Zhong Cong Yu |
| author_sort | Shi Jia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The super-Earth population, as one of the representatives of exoplanets, plays an important role in constraining the planet formation theories. According to the prediction from core-accretion models, super-Earths should be rare because their masses are in the range of the critical mass above which they would grow to be gas giants by runaway gas accretion. In this work, we investigate the effect of ohmic dissipation on the planetary thermal structure and cooling contraction as planets accrete gas from their surrounding disks. We find that the extra heating energy from ohmic heating deposited into planetary envelopes can push the planetary radiative-convective boundaries inward and prevent the planets from cooling, and can even halt accretion. We explore parameter space to study the dependence of cooling timescale on the input parameters of the ohmic-dissipation model. Numerical results show that gas accretion can be halted before runaway gas accretion and the envelope mass is only several percent of the planetary core mass for some parameter sets. Our results suggest that ohmic dissipation is a potential mechanism to delay the gas accretion and promote the formation of super-Earths. Future observations may help to constrain the importance of ohmic dissipation on super-Earth formation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:58:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27e86615bfb94181917d3b429f56f425 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:58:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-27e86615bfb94181917d3b429f56f4252023-09-03T15:02:05ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-01951211610.3847/1538-4357/acd4bcOhmic Dissipation During the Formation of Super-EarthShi Jia0Wei, Zhong1Cong Yu2State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau, People's Republic of China ; sjia@must.edu.mo, yucong@mail.sysu.edu.cn; CNSA Macau Center for Space Exploration and Science , Macau, People's Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau, People's Republic of China ; sjia@must.edu.mo, yucong@mail.sysu.edu.cn; School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-Sen University , Zhuhai, 519082, People's Republic of China; CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area , Zhuhai, 519082, People's Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau, People's Republic of China ; sjia@must.edu.mo, yucong@mail.sysu.edu.cn; School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-Sen University , Zhuhai, 519082, People's Republic of China; CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area , Zhuhai, 519082, People's Republic of ChinaThe super-Earth population, as one of the representatives of exoplanets, plays an important role in constraining the planet formation theories. According to the prediction from core-accretion models, super-Earths should be rare because their masses are in the range of the critical mass above which they would grow to be gas giants by runaway gas accretion. In this work, we investigate the effect of ohmic dissipation on the planetary thermal structure and cooling contraction as planets accrete gas from their surrounding disks. We find that the extra heating energy from ohmic heating deposited into planetary envelopes can push the planetary radiative-convective boundaries inward and prevent the planets from cooling, and can even halt accretion. We explore parameter space to study the dependence of cooling timescale on the input parameters of the ohmic-dissipation model. Numerical results show that gas accretion can be halted before runaway gas accretion and the envelope mass is only several percent of the planetary core mass for some parameter sets. Our results suggest that ohmic dissipation is a potential mechanism to delay the gas accretion and promote the formation of super-Earths. Future observations may help to constrain the importance of ohmic dissipation on super-Earth formation.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd4bcExoplanet evolutionExoplanet formationExoplanet structureMagnetohydrodynamicsMagnetic fields |
| spellingShingle | Shi Jia Wei, Zhong Cong Yu Ohmic Dissipation During the Formation of Super-Earth The Astrophysical Journal Exoplanet evolution Exoplanet formation Exoplanet structure Magnetohydrodynamics Magnetic fields |
| title | Ohmic Dissipation During the Formation of Super-Earth |
| title_full | Ohmic Dissipation During the Formation of Super-Earth |
| title_fullStr | Ohmic Dissipation During the Formation of Super-Earth |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ohmic Dissipation During the Formation of Super-Earth |
| title_short | Ohmic Dissipation During the Formation of Super-Earth |
| title_sort | ohmic dissipation during the formation of super earth |
| topic | Exoplanet evolution Exoplanet formation Exoplanet structure Magnetohydrodynamics Magnetic fields |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd4bc |
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