Biomimetic Whitening Effect of Polyphosphate-Bleaching Agents on Dental Enamel
This in vitro study investigated the extrinsic tooth-whitening effect of bleaching products containing polyphosphates on the dental enamel surface compared to 10% carbamide peroxide (CP). Eighty human molars were randomly allocated into four whitening-products groups. Group A (control) was treated w...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Biomimetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/7/4/183 |
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| author | Abdullah Alshehri Basil Almutairi Carlos A. Jurado Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar Shug Albarrak Asma Alharbi Alanoud Alenazi Hamid Nurrohman Abdulrahman Alshabib |
| author_facet | Abdullah Alshehri Basil Almutairi Carlos A. Jurado Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar Shug Albarrak Asma Alharbi Alanoud Alenazi Hamid Nurrohman Abdulrahman Alshabib |
| author_sort | Abdullah Alshehri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This in vitro study investigated the extrinsic tooth-whitening effect of bleaching products containing polyphosphates on the dental enamel surface compared to 10% carbamide peroxide (CP). Eighty human molars were randomly allocated into four whitening-products groups. Group A (control) was treated with 10% CP (Opalescence). The other groups with non-CP over-the-counter (OTC) products were group B = polyphosphates (iWhiteWhitening-Kit); group C = polyphosphates+fluoride (iWhite-toothpaste); and group D = sodium bicarbonate (24K-Whitening-Pen). <i>L</i>*, <i>a</i>*, <i>b</i>* color-parameters were spectrophotometer-recorded at baseline (T0), one day (T1), and one month (T2) post-treatment. Changes in teeth color (ΔE<sub>ab</sub>) were calculated. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Bonferroni test (α = 0.05). Groups A, B, and D showed significant differences in Δ<i>L</i>*&Δ<i>a</i>* parameters at T1, but not in Δ<i>b</i>* at T0. Group C showed no difference for Δ<i>L</i>*, Δ<i>a</i>*, Δ<i>b</i>* at T0 and T1. Group A showed differences for Δ<i>L</i>*, Δ<i>a</i>*, Δ<i>b</i>*, at T2, while groups B, C, and D had no difference in any parameters at T0. At T1, ΔE<sub>ab</sub> values = A > D> B > C (ΔE<sub>ab</sub> = 13.4 > 2.4 > 2.1 > 1.2). At T2, ΔE<sub>ab</sub> values increased = A > B > C > D (ΔE<sub>ab</sub> = 12.2 > 10.6 > 9.2 > 2.4). In conclusion, the 10% CP and Biomimetic polyphosphate extrinsic whitening kit demonstrated the highest color change, while simulated brushing with dark stain toothpaste and a whitening pen demonstrated the lowest color change at both measurement intervals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:16:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27f3c8f3806145a4b7d5946ce0a6b3da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2313-7673 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:16:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomimetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-27f3c8f3806145a4b7d5946ce0a6b3da2023-11-24T13:31:02ZengMDPI AGBiomimetics2313-76732022-10-017418310.3390/biomimetics7040183Biomimetic Whitening Effect of Polyphosphate-Bleaching Agents on Dental EnamelAbdullah Alshehri0Basil Almutairi1Carlos A. Jurado2Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar3Shug Albarrak4Asma Alharbi5Alanoud Alenazi6Hamid Nurrohman7Abdulrahman Alshabib8Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh 11545, Saudi ArabiaWoody L. Hunt School of Dental Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USAClinical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman City P.O. Box 346, United Arab EmiratesDental Interns, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdelaziz University for Health Science, Riyadh 11545, Saudi ArabiaDental Interns, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdelaziz University for Health Science, Riyadh 11545, Saudi ArabiaDental Interns, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdelaziz University for Health Science, Riyadh 11545, Saudi ArabiaRestorative Dentistry, A.T. Still University Missouri School of Dentistry & Oral Health, Kirksville, MO 63501, USADepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh 11545, Saudi ArabiaThis in vitro study investigated the extrinsic tooth-whitening effect of bleaching products containing polyphosphates on the dental enamel surface compared to 10% carbamide peroxide (CP). Eighty human molars were randomly allocated into four whitening-products groups. Group A (control) was treated with 10% CP (Opalescence). The other groups with non-CP over-the-counter (OTC) products were group B = polyphosphates (iWhiteWhitening-Kit); group C = polyphosphates+fluoride (iWhite-toothpaste); and group D = sodium bicarbonate (24K-Whitening-Pen). <i>L</i>*, <i>a</i>*, <i>b</i>* color-parameters were spectrophotometer-recorded at baseline (T0), one day (T1), and one month (T2) post-treatment. Changes in teeth color (ΔE<sub>ab</sub>) were calculated. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Bonferroni test (α = 0.05). Groups A, B, and D showed significant differences in Δ<i>L</i>*&Δ<i>a</i>* parameters at T1, but not in Δ<i>b</i>* at T0. Group C showed no difference for Δ<i>L</i>*, Δ<i>a</i>*, Δ<i>b</i>* at T0 and T1. Group A showed differences for Δ<i>L</i>*, Δ<i>a</i>*, Δ<i>b</i>*, at T2, while groups B, C, and D had no difference in any parameters at T0. At T1, ΔE<sub>ab</sub> values = A > D> B > C (ΔE<sub>ab</sub> = 13.4 > 2.4 > 2.1 > 1.2). At T2, ΔE<sub>ab</sub> values increased = A > B > C > D (ΔE<sub>ab</sub> = 12.2 > 10.6 > 9.2 > 2.4). In conclusion, the 10% CP and Biomimetic polyphosphate extrinsic whitening kit demonstrated the highest color change, while simulated brushing with dark stain toothpaste and a whitening pen demonstrated the lowest color change at both measurement intervals.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/7/4/183CIELABcolor stabilityenamelhypersensitivitytooth whitening |
| spellingShingle | Abdullah Alshehri Basil Almutairi Carlos A. Jurado Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar Shug Albarrak Asma Alharbi Alanoud Alenazi Hamid Nurrohman Abdulrahman Alshabib Biomimetic Whitening Effect of Polyphosphate-Bleaching Agents on Dental Enamel Biomimetics CIELAB color stability enamel hypersensitivity tooth whitening |
| title | Biomimetic Whitening Effect of Polyphosphate-Bleaching Agents on Dental Enamel |
| title_full | Biomimetic Whitening Effect of Polyphosphate-Bleaching Agents on Dental Enamel |
| title_fullStr | Biomimetic Whitening Effect of Polyphosphate-Bleaching Agents on Dental Enamel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biomimetic Whitening Effect of Polyphosphate-Bleaching Agents on Dental Enamel |
| title_short | Biomimetic Whitening Effect of Polyphosphate-Bleaching Agents on Dental Enamel |
| title_sort | biomimetic whitening effect of polyphosphate bleaching agents on dental enamel |
| topic | CIELAB color stability enamel hypersensitivity tooth whitening |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/7/4/183 |
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