Mixed-Ploidy and Dysploidy in <i>Hypericum perforatum</i>: A Karyomorphological and Genome Size Study
Karyomorphology and genome size of 15 St John’s wort (<i>Hypericum perforatum</i> L.) populations are reported for the first time. Root tips and fresh young leaves were used for karyological studies and flow cytometric (FCM) measurements, respectively. The chromosome length varied from 0...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/22/3068 |
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| author | Shaghayegh Mehravi Ghasem Karimzadeh Alaeddin Kordenaeej Mehrdad Hanifei |
| author_facet | Shaghayegh Mehravi Ghasem Karimzadeh Alaeddin Kordenaeej Mehrdad Hanifei |
| author_sort | Shaghayegh Mehravi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Karyomorphology and genome size of 15 St John’s wort (<i>Hypericum perforatum</i> L.) populations are reported for the first time. Root tips and fresh young leaves were used for karyological studies and flow cytometric (FCM) measurements, respectively. The chromosome length varied from 0.81 µm to 1.16 µm, and chromosome types were determined as “m”. Eight different somatic chromosome numbers were found (2<i>n</i> = 16, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 38). Based on the observed basic (<i>x</i>) chromosome numbers of <i>x</i> = 8, 11, 13, 14, 15, 19, this may correspond to diploid (2<i>x</i>), triploid (3<i>x</i>), tetraploid (4<i>x</i>), respectively. Interestingly, we found mixoploidy (3<i>x</i> − 4<i>x</i>) in the root tips of one of the populations. Hybridization, polyploidy and dysploid variation may be the main factors associated with the chromosome number evolution of this species. FCM showed that 2C DNA contents vary from 0.87 to 2.02 pg, showing more than a 2-fold variation. The mean amount of 2C DNA/chromosome and the mean of monoploid genome size were not proportional to ploidy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:03:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27f9374c45d644828fa3856f534784b5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:03:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-27f9374c45d644828fa3856f534784b52023-11-24T09:39:07ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-11-011122306810.3390/plants11223068Mixed-Ploidy and Dysploidy in <i>Hypericum perforatum</i>: A Karyomorphological and Genome Size StudyShaghayegh Mehravi0Ghasem Karimzadeh1Alaeddin Kordenaeej2Mehrdad Hanifei3Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-336, IranDepartment of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-336, IranDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahed, Tehran 33191-18651, IranDepartment of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-336, IranKaryomorphology and genome size of 15 St John’s wort (<i>Hypericum perforatum</i> L.) populations are reported for the first time. Root tips and fresh young leaves were used for karyological studies and flow cytometric (FCM) measurements, respectively. The chromosome length varied from 0.81 µm to 1.16 µm, and chromosome types were determined as “m”. Eight different somatic chromosome numbers were found (2<i>n</i> = 16, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 38). Based on the observed basic (<i>x</i>) chromosome numbers of <i>x</i> = 8, 11, 13, 14, 15, 19, this may correspond to diploid (2<i>x</i>), triploid (3<i>x</i>), tetraploid (4<i>x</i>), respectively. Interestingly, we found mixoploidy (3<i>x</i> − 4<i>x</i>) in the root tips of one of the populations. Hybridization, polyploidy and dysploid variation may be the main factors associated with the chromosome number evolution of this species. FCM showed that 2C DNA contents vary from 0.87 to 2.02 pg, showing more than a 2-fold variation. The mean amount of 2C DNA/chromosome and the mean of monoploid genome size were not proportional to ploidy.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/22/3068<i>Hypericum perforatum</i>karyotype variabilitygenome sizedysploidymixoploidypolyploidy |
| spellingShingle | Shaghayegh Mehravi Ghasem Karimzadeh Alaeddin Kordenaeej Mehrdad Hanifei Mixed-Ploidy and Dysploidy in <i>Hypericum perforatum</i>: A Karyomorphological and Genome Size Study Plants <i>Hypericum perforatum</i> karyotype variability genome size dysploidy mixoploidy polyploidy |
| title | Mixed-Ploidy and Dysploidy in <i>Hypericum perforatum</i>: A Karyomorphological and Genome Size Study |
| title_full | Mixed-Ploidy and Dysploidy in <i>Hypericum perforatum</i>: A Karyomorphological and Genome Size Study |
| title_fullStr | Mixed-Ploidy and Dysploidy in <i>Hypericum perforatum</i>: A Karyomorphological and Genome Size Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mixed-Ploidy and Dysploidy in <i>Hypericum perforatum</i>: A Karyomorphological and Genome Size Study |
| title_short | Mixed-Ploidy and Dysploidy in <i>Hypericum perforatum</i>: A Karyomorphological and Genome Size Study |
| title_sort | mixed ploidy and dysploidy in i hypericum perforatum i a karyomorphological and genome size study |
| topic | <i>Hypericum perforatum</i> karyotype variability genome size dysploidy mixoploidy polyploidy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/22/3068 |
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