Low-temperature quantum thermometry boosted by coherence generation
The precise measurement of low temperatures is significant for both the fundamental understanding of physical processes and technological applications. In this work, we present a method for low-temperature measurement that improves thermal range and sensitivity by generating quantum coherence in a t...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Physical Society
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Physical Review Research |
| Online Access: | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043184 |
| _version_ | 1797210289248141312 |
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| author | Asghar Ullah M. Tahir Naseem Özgür E. Müstecaplıoğlu |
| author_facet | Asghar Ullah M. Tahir Naseem Özgür E. Müstecaplıoğlu |
| author_sort | Asghar Ullah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The precise measurement of low temperatures is significant for both the fundamental understanding of physical processes and technological applications. In this work, we present a method for low-temperature measurement that improves thermal range and sensitivity by generating quantum coherence in a thermometer probe. Typically, in temperature measurements, the probes thermalize with the sample being measured. However, we use a two-level quantum system, or qubit, as our probe and prevent direct probe access to the sample by introducing a set of ancilla qubits as an interface. We describe the open system dynamics of the probe using a global master equation and demonstrate that while the ancilla-probe system thermalizes with the sample, the probe per se evolves into a nonthermal steady state due to nonlocal dissipation channels. The populations and coherences of this steady state depend on the sample temperature, allowing for precise and wide-range low-temperature estimation. We characterize the thermometric performance of the method using quantum Fisher information and show that the quantum Fisher information can exhibit multiple and higher peaks at different low temperatures with increasing quantum coherence and the number of ancilla qubits. Our analysis reveals that the proposed approach, using a nonthermal qubit thermometer probe with temperature-dependent quantum coherence generated by a multiple qubit interface between a thermal sample and the probe qubit, can enhance the sensitivity of temperature estimation and broaden the measurable low-temperature range. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:08:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27feb61026d247b7a99d04817b18d2da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2643-1564 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:08:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | American Physical Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physical Review Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-27feb61026d247b7a99d04817b18d2da2024-04-12T17:36:15ZengAmerican Physical SocietyPhysical Review Research2643-15642023-11-015404318410.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043184Low-temperature quantum thermometry boosted by coherence generationAsghar UllahM. Tahir NaseemÖzgür E. MüstecaplıoğluThe precise measurement of low temperatures is significant for both the fundamental understanding of physical processes and technological applications. In this work, we present a method for low-temperature measurement that improves thermal range and sensitivity by generating quantum coherence in a thermometer probe. Typically, in temperature measurements, the probes thermalize with the sample being measured. However, we use a two-level quantum system, or qubit, as our probe and prevent direct probe access to the sample by introducing a set of ancilla qubits as an interface. We describe the open system dynamics of the probe using a global master equation and demonstrate that while the ancilla-probe system thermalizes with the sample, the probe per se evolves into a nonthermal steady state due to nonlocal dissipation channels. The populations and coherences of this steady state depend on the sample temperature, allowing for precise and wide-range low-temperature estimation. We characterize the thermometric performance of the method using quantum Fisher information and show that the quantum Fisher information can exhibit multiple and higher peaks at different low temperatures with increasing quantum coherence and the number of ancilla qubits. Our analysis reveals that the proposed approach, using a nonthermal qubit thermometer probe with temperature-dependent quantum coherence generated by a multiple qubit interface between a thermal sample and the probe qubit, can enhance the sensitivity of temperature estimation and broaden the measurable low-temperature range.http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043184 |
| spellingShingle | Asghar Ullah M. Tahir Naseem Özgür E. Müstecaplıoğlu Low-temperature quantum thermometry boosted by coherence generation Physical Review Research |
| title | Low-temperature quantum thermometry boosted by coherence generation |
| title_full | Low-temperature quantum thermometry boosted by coherence generation |
| title_fullStr | Low-temperature quantum thermometry boosted by coherence generation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low-temperature quantum thermometry boosted by coherence generation |
| title_short | Low-temperature quantum thermometry boosted by coherence generation |
| title_sort | low temperature quantum thermometry boosted by coherence generation |
| url | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.043184 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT asgharullah lowtemperaturequantumthermometryboostedbycoherencegeneration AT mtahirnaseem lowtemperaturequantumthermometryboostedbycoherencegeneration AT ozguremustecaplıoglu lowtemperaturequantumthermometryboostedbycoherencegeneration |