Simulations of Moisture Gradients in Wood Subjected to Changes in Relative Humidity and Temperature Due to Climate Change
Climate change is a growing threat to cultural heritage buildings and objects. Objects housed in historic buildings are at risk because the indoor environments in these buildings are difficult to control and often influenced by the outdoor climate. Hygroscopic materials, such as wood, will gain and...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2018-10-01
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| Series: | Geosciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/8/10/378 |
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| author | Charlotta Bylund Melin Carl-Eric Hagentoft Kristina Holl Vahid M. Nik Ralf Kilian |
| author_facet | Charlotta Bylund Melin Carl-Eric Hagentoft Kristina Holl Vahid M. Nik Ralf Kilian |
| author_sort | Charlotta Bylund Melin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate change is a growing threat to cultural heritage buildings and objects. Objects housed in historic buildings are at risk because the indoor environments in these buildings are difficult to control and often influenced by the outdoor climate. Hygroscopic materials, such as wood, will gain and release moisture during changes in relative humidity and temperature. These changes cause swelling and shrinkage, which may result in permanent damage. To increase the knowledge of climate-induced damage to heritage objects, it is essential to monitor moisture transport in wood. Simulation models need to be developed and improved to predict the influence of climate change. In a previous work, relative humidity and temperature was monitored at different depths inside wooden samples subjected to fluctuating climate over time. In this article, two methods, the hygrothermal building simulation software WUFI® Pro and the Simplified model, were compared in relation to the measured data. The conclusion was that both methods can simulate moisture diffusion and transport in wooden object with a sufficient accuracy. Using the two methods for predicted climate change data show that the mean RH inside wood is rather constant, but the RH minimum and maximum vary with the predicted scenario and the type of building used for the simulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T14:00:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-281a1b0c2e994b80b86c50c7f52868ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3263 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T14:00:20Z |
| publishDate | 2018-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-281a1b0c2e994b80b86c50c7f52868ba2022-12-22T01:45:49ZengMDPI AGGeosciences2076-32632018-10-0181037810.3390/geosciences8100378geosciences8100378Simulations of Moisture Gradients in Wood Subjected to Changes in Relative Humidity and Temperature Due to Climate ChangeCharlotta Bylund Melin0Carl-Eric Hagentoft1Kristina Holl2Vahid M. Nik3Ralf Kilian4Department of Preservation and Photography, Nationalmuseum, P.O. Box 16176, SE-10324 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, SwedenFraunhofer Institute for Building Physics, Fraunhoferstr. 10, 83626 Valley, GermanyDivision of Building Physics, Department of Building and Environmental Technology, Lund University, SE-22363 Lund, SwedenFraunhofer Institute for Building Physics, Fraunhoferstr. 10, 83626 Valley, GermanyClimate change is a growing threat to cultural heritage buildings and objects. Objects housed in historic buildings are at risk because the indoor environments in these buildings are difficult to control and often influenced by the outdoor climate. Hygroscopic materials, such as wood, will gain and release moisture during changes in relative humidity and temperature. These changes cause swelling and shrinkage, which may result in permanent damage. To increase the knowledge of climate-induced damage to heritage objects, it is essential to monitor moisture transport in wood. Simulation models need to be developed and improved to predict the influence of climate change. In a previous work, relative humidity and temperature was monitored at different depths inside wooden samples subjected to fluctuating climate over time. In this article, two methods, the hygrothermal building simulation software WUFI® Pro and the Simplified model, were compared in relation to the measured data. The conclusion was that both methods can simulate moisture diffusion and transport in wooden object with a sufficient accuracy. Using the two methods for predicted climate change data show that the mean RH inside wood is rather constant, but the RH minimum and maximum vary with the predicted scenario and the type of building used for the simulation.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/8/10/378moisture transportwoodrelative humidityclimate variationsmeasurementsexperimental researchhygrothermal simulation modelstypical and extreme weather conditionsclimate change |
| spellingShingle | Charlotta Bylund Melin Carl-Eric Hagentoft Kristina Holl Vahid M. Nik Ralf Kilian Simulations of Moisture Gradients in Wood Subjected to Changes in Relative Humidity and Temperature Due to Climate Change Geosciences moisture transport wood relative humidity climate variations measurements experimental research hygrothermal simulation models typical and extreme weather conditions climate change |
| title | Simulations of Moisture Gradients in Wood Subjected to Changes in Relative Humidity and Temperature Due to Climate Change |
| title_full | Simulations of Moisture Gradients in Wood Subjected to Changes in Relative Humidity and Temperature Due to Climate Change |
| title_fullStr | Simulations of Moisture Gradients in Wood Subjected to Changes in Relative Humidity and Temperature Due to Climate Change |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simulations of Moisture Gradients in Wood Subjected to Changes in Relative Humidity and Temperature Due to Climate Change |
| title_short | Simulations of Moisture Gradients in Wood Subjected to Changes in Relative Humidity and Temperature Due to Climate Change |
| title_sort | simulations of moisture gradients in wood subjected to changes in relative humidity and temperature due to climate change |
| topic | moisture transport wood relative humidity climate variations measurements experimental research hygrothermal simulation models typical and extreme weather conditions climate change |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/8/10/378 |
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