The immunomodulator PSK induces <it>in vitro </it>cytotoxic activity in tumour cell lines <it>via </it>arrest of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Protein-bound polysaccharide (PSK) is derived from the CM-101 strain of the fungus <it>Coriolus versicolor </it>and has shown anticancer activity <it>in vitro </it>and in <it>in vivo </it>experimen...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2008-03-01
|
| Series: | BMC Cancer |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/78 |
| _version_ | 1819143390007132160 |
|---|---|
| author | Garrido Federico Collado Antonia Algarra Ignacio Romero Irene Berruguilla Enrique Jiménez-Medina Eva Garcia-Lora Angel |
| author_facet | Garrido Federico Collado Antonia Algarra Ignacio Romero Irene Berruguilla Enrique Jiménez-Medina Eva Garcia-Lora Angel |
| author_sort | Garrido Federico |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Protein-bound polysaccharide (PSK) is derived from the CM-101 strain of the fungus <it>Coriolus versicolor </it>and has shown anticancer activity <it>in vitro </it>and in <it>in vivo </it>experimental models and human cancers. Several randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that PSK has great potential in adjuvant cancer therapy, with positive results in the adjuvant treatment of gastric, esophageal, colorectal, breast and lung cancers. These studies have suggested the efficacy of PSK as an immunomodulator of biological responses. The precise molecular mechanisms responsible for its biological activity have yet to be fully elucidated.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The <it>in vitro </it>cytotoxic anti-tumour activity of PSK has been evaluated in various tumour cell lines derived from leukaemias, melanomas, fibrosarcomas and cervix, lung, pancreas and gastric cancers. Tumour cell proliferation <it>in vitro </it>was measured by BrdU incorporation and viable cell count. Effect of PSK on human peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) proliferation <it>in vitro </it>was also analyzed. Studies of cell cycle and apoptosis were performed in PSK-treated cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>PSK showed <it>in vitro </it>inhibition of tumour cell proliferation as measured by BrdU incorporation and viable cell count. The inhibition ranged from 22 to 84%. Inhibition mechanisms were identified as cell cycle arrest, with cell accumulation in G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1 </sub>phase and increase in apoptosis and caspase-3 expression. These results indicate that PSK has a direct cytotoxic activity <it>in vitro</it>, inhibiting tumour cell proliferation. In contrast, PSK shows a synergistic effect with IL-2 that increases PBL proliferation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results indicate that PSK has cytotoxic activity <it>in vitro </it>on tumour cell lines. This new cytotoxic activity of PSK on tumour cells is independent of its previously described immunomodulatory activity on NK cells.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T12:25:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2827fc575c054f5c89cabf83612cf4ed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2407 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T12:25:28Z |
| publishDate | 2008-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Cancer |
| spelling | doaj.art-2827fc575c054f5c89cabf83612cf4ed2022-12-21T18:25:50ZengBMCBMC Cancer1471-24072008-03-01817810.1186/1471-2407-8-78The immunomodulator PSK induces <it>in vitro </it>cytotoxic activity in tumour cell lines <it>via </it>arrest of cell cycle and induction of apoptosisGarrido FedericoCollado AntoniaAlgarra IgnacioRomero IreneBerruguilla EnriqueJiménez-Medina EvaGarcia-Lora Angel<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Protein-bound polysaccharide (PSK) is derived from the CM-101 strain of the fungus <it>Coriolus versicolor </it>and has shown anticancer activity <it>in vitro </it>and in <it>in vivo </it>experimental models and human cancers. Several randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that PSK has great potential in adjuvant cancer therapy, with positive results in the adjuvant treatment of gastric, esophageal, colorectal, breast and lung cancers. These studies have suggested the efficacy of PSK as an immunomodulator of biological responses. The precise molecular mechanisms responsible for its biological activity have yet to be fully elucidated.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The <it>in vitro </it>cytotoxic anti-tumour activity of PSK has been evaluated in various tumour cell lines derived from leukaemias, melanomas, fibrosarcomas and cervix, lung, pancreas and gastric cancers. Tumour cell proliferation <it>in vitro </it>was measured by BrdU incorporation and viable cell count. Effect of PSK on human peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) proliferation <it>in vitro </it>was also analyzed. Studies of cell cycle and apoptosis were performed in PSK-treated cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>PSK showed <it>in vitro </it>inhibition of tumour cell proliferation as measured by BrdU incorporation and viable cell count. The inhibition ranged from 22 to 84%. Inhibition mechanisms were identified as cell cycle arrest, with cell accumulation in G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1 </sub>phase and increase in apoptosis and caspase-3 expression. These results indicate that PSK has a direct cytotoxic activity <it>in vitro</it>, inhibiting tumour cell proliferation. In contrast, PSK shows a synergistic effect with IL-2 that increases PBL proliferation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results indicate that PSK has cytotoxic activity <it>in vitro </it>on tumour cell lines. This new cytotoxic activity of PSK on tumour cells is independent of its previously described immunomodulatory activity on NK cells.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/78 |
| spellingShingle | Garrido Federico Collado Antonia Algarra Ignacio Romero Irene Berruguilla Enrique Jiménez-Medina Eva Garcia-Lora Angel The immunomodulator PSK induces <it>in vitro </it>cytotoxic activity in tumour cell lines <it>via </it>arrest of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis BMC Cancer |
| title | The immunomodulator PSK induces <it>in vitro </it>cytotoxic activity in tumour cell lines <it>via </it>arrest of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis |
| title_full | The immunomodulator PSK induces <it>in vitro </it>cytotoxic activity in tumour cell lines <it>via </it>arrest of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis |
| title_fullStr | The immunomodulator PSK induces <it>in vitro </it>cytotoxic activity in tumour cell lines <it>via </it>arrest of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The immunomodulator PSK induces <it>in vitro </it>cytotoxic activity in tumour cell lines <it>via </it>arrest of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis |
| title_short | The immunomodulator PSK induces <it>in vitro </it>cytotoxic activity in tumour cell lines <it>via </it>arrest of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis |
| title_sort | immunomodulator psk induces it in vitro it cytotoxic activity in tumour cell lines it via it arrest of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/78 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT garridofederico theimmunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT colladoantonia theimmunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT algarraignacio theimmunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT romeroirene theimmunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT berruguillaenrique theimmunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT jimenezmedinaeva theimmunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT garcialoraangel theimmunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT garridofederico immunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT colladoantonia immunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT algarraignacio immunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT romeroirene immunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT berruguillaenrique immunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT jimenezmedinaeva immunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis AT garcialoraangel immunomodulatorpskinducesitinvitroitcytotoxicactivityintumourcelllinesitviaitarrestofcellcycleandinductionofapoptosis |