Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients at a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran, 2018–2019
Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus, a human skin and mucous membranes colonizer, could opportunistically cause a variety of infectious diseases. Frequently, it is resistant to methicillin (MRSA), and often, co-resistant to many clinically available antibiotics. MRSA is a major burden for heal...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2022-08-01
|
| Series: | European Journal of Medical Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-022-00778-w |
| _version_ | 1828150663130906624 |
|---|---|
| author | Mohammad Qodrati SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi Alireza Abdollahi Omid Dadras |
| author_facet | Mohammad Qodrati SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi Alireza Abdollahi Omid Dadras |
| author_sort | Mohammad Qodrati |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus, a human skin and mucous membranes colonizer, could opportunistically cause a variety of infectious diseases. Frequently, it is resistant to methicillin (MRSA), and often, co-resistant to many clinically available antibiotics. MRSA is a major burden for healthcare systems and communities all over the world, especially in developing countries. We addressed the issue that more than a decade had passed since the last report about cumulative antibiogram for S. aureus from our center, whereas The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommends to analyze and report it on an annual basis in order to guide clinicians to select the best initial empiric antimicrobial therapy. Methods In a cross-sectional retrospective design, data of culture-proven S. aureus from clinical specimens of hospitalized patients at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran, were collected from September 2018 to September 2019. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) had been performed using either Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion or VITEK 2 automated system which is based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The Chi-squared test was used considering the critical p-value to be ≤ .05. Results Among 576 unique isolates, the overall prevalence of MRSA was 37.5%. Patients admitted to the infectious diseases ward and ICUs have a greater chance to have such an isolate. Methicillin resistance was predictive of resistance to most antibiotics: erythromycin (90.9%), clindamycin (85.4% including inducible resistance), gentamicin, cipro-/levo-/moxi-floxacin, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (58.3%), tetracycline, and rifampin. Resistance rate of zero was observed for daptomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, and (roughly) vancomycin. The prevalence of multiple-drug resistant (MDR) isolates was 48.5%. Conclusions Although in this study, the prevalence of MRSA was lower than the previous ones from the same hospital, it is still far from the desired rates. Besides, resistance to clindamycin and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole were remarkable. So far, vancomycin is the best choice for empiric treatment of MRSA, with linezolid as the second choice. It is advised to avoid prescribing the newer antibacterial agents as long as the older ones are effective to prevent the emergence of MDR species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:46:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-284820f3cb1b46d0b2bb5cf793b7b535 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-783X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:46:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Medical Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-284820f3cb1b46d0b2bb5cf793b7b5352022-12-22T04:01:24ZengBMCEuropean Journal of Medical Research2047-783X2022-08-012711810.1186/s40001-022-00778-wAntimicrobial susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients at a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran, 2018–2019Mohammad Qodrati0SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi1Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi2Alireza Abdollahi3Omid Dadras4School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Imam Khomeini Hospital ComplexIranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Imam Khomeini Hospital ComplexDivision of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences TehranSection Global Health and Rehabilitation, Western Norway University of Applied SciencesAbstract Background Staphylococcus aureus, a human skin and mucous membranes colonizer, could opportunistically cause a variety of infectious diseases. Frequently, it is resistant to methicillin (MRSA), and often, co-resistant to many clinically available antibiotics. MRSA is a major burden for healthcare systems and communities all over the world, especially in developing countries. We addressed the issue that more than a decade had passed since the last report about cumulative antibiogram for S. aureus from our center, whereas The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommends to analyze and report it on an annual basis in order to guide clinicians to select the best initial empiric antimicrobial therapy. Methods In a cross-sectional retrospective design, data of culture-proven S. aureus from clinical specimens of hospitalized patients at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran, were collected from September 2018 to September 2019. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) had been performed using either Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion or VITEK 2 automated system which is based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The Chi-squared test was used considering the critical p-value to be ≤ .05. Results Among 576 unique isolates, the overall prevalence of MRSA was 37.5%. Patients admitted to the infectious diseases ward and ICUs have a greater chance to have such an isolate. Methicillin resistance was predictive of resistance to most antibiotics: erythromycin (90.9%), clindamycin (85.4% including inducible resistance), gentamicin, cipro-/levo-/moxi-floxacin, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (58.3%), tetracycline, and rifampin. Resistance rate of zero was observed for daptomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, and (roughly) vancomycin. The prevalence of multiple-drug resistant (MDR) isolates was 48.5%. Conclusions Although in this study, the prevalence of MRSA was lower than the previous ones from the same hospital, it is still far from the desired rates. Besides, resistance to clindamycin and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole were remarkable. So far, vancomycin is the best choice for empiric treatment of MRSA, with linezolid as the second choice. It is advised to avoid prescribing the newer antibacterial agents as long as the older ones are effective to prevent the emergence of MDR species.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-022-00778-wStaphylococcus aureusMRSAAntimicrobial resistanceAntimicrobial susceptibility testingEmpiric therapyIran |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Qodrati SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi Alireza Abdollahi Omid Dadras Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients at a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran, 2018–2019 European Journal of Medical Research Staphylococcus aureus MRSA Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobial susceptibility testing Empiric therapy Iran |
| title | Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients at a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran, 2018–2019 |
| title_full | Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients at a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran, 2018–2019 |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients at a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran, 2018–2019 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients at a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran, 2018–2019 |
| title_short | Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients at a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran, 2018–2019 |
| title_sort | antimicrobial susceptibility testing of staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients at a tertiary hospital in tehran iran 2018 2019 |
| topic | Staphylococcus aureus MRSA Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobial susceptibility testing Empiric therapy Iran |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-022-00778-w |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohammadqodrati antimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingofstaphylococcusaureusisolatesfrompatientsatatertiaryhospitalintehraniran20182019 AT seyedahmadseyedalinaghi antimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingofstaphylococcusaureusisolatesfrompatientsatatertiaryhospitalintehraniran20182019 AT seyedalidehghanmanshadi antimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingofstaphylococcusaureusisolatesfrompatientsatatertiaryhospitalintehraniran20182019 AT alirezaabdollahi antimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingofstaphylococcusaureusisolatesfrompatientsatatertiaryhospitalintehraniran20182019 AT omiddadras antimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingofstaphylococcusaureusisolatesfrompatientsatatertiaryhospitalintehraniran20182019 |