Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in complicated mountain terrain
<p>In order to improve our understanding of the characteristics of raindrop size distribution (DSD) over complex mountainous terrain, the differences in DSD over the southern slopes, northern slopes, and interior of the Qilian Mountains were analyzed using 6 months of observations. For all rai...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
| Online Access: | https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/27/3895/2023/hess-27-3895-2023.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797639272692449280 |
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| author | W. Mao W. Mao W. Mao W. Zhang W. Zhang W. Zhang M. Kou M. Kou |
| author_facet | W. Mao W. Mao W. Mao W. Zhang W. Zhang W. Zhang M. Kou M. Kou |
| author_sort | W. Mao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>In order to improve our understanding of the characteristics of raindrop size distribution (DSD) over complex mountainous terrain, the differences in DSD over the southern slopes, northern slopes, and interior of the Qilian Mountains were analyzed using 6 months of observations. For all rainfall events, the number concentrations of small and large raindrops in the interior and on the southern slopes were greater than on the northern slopes, but midsize raindrops were less. The DSD spectrum of the interior was more variable and differed significantly from that of the northern slopes. The differences in the normalized intercept parameters of the DSD for stratiform and convective rainfall were 8.3 % and 10.4 %, respectively, and those of the mass-weighted mean diameters were 10.0 % and 23.4 %, respectively, while the standard deviations of DSD parameters at interior sites were larger. The differences in the coefficient and exponent of the <span class="inline-formula"><i>Z</i></span>–<span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i></span> relationship were 2.5 % and 10.7 %, respectively, with an increasing value of the coefficient from the southern to the northern slopes for stratiform rainfall but the opposite for convective rainfall. In addition, the DSD characteristics and <span class="inline-formula"><i>Z</i></span>–<span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i></span> relationships were more similar at the ipsilateral sites and had smaller differences between the southern slopes and interior of the mountains.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:15:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2849a4b07a6a4f04a58c1364bd73fbbf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1027-5606 1607-7938 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:15:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-2849a4b07a6a4f04a58c1364bd73fbbf2023-11-03T13:48:13ZengCopernicus PublicationsHydrology and Earth System Sciences1027-56061607-79382023-11-01273895391010.5194/hess-27-3895-2023Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in complicated mountain terrainW. Mao0W. Mao1W. Mao2W. Zhang3W. Zhang4W. Zhang5M. Kou6M. Kou7College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, ChinaKey Laboratory for Cloud Physics, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, ChinaCollege of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, ChinaSchool of Geoscience and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, ChinaKey Laboratory for Cloud Physics, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, ChinaCollege of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, ChinaKey Laboratory for Cloud Physics, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, ChinaInstitute of Systems Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China<p>In order to improve our understanding of the characteristics of raindrop size distribution (DSD) over complex mountainous terrain, the differences in DSD over the southern slopes, northern slopes, and interior of the Qilian Mountains were analyzed using 6 months of observations. For all rainfall events, the number concentrations of small and large raindrops in the interior and on the southern slopes were greater than on the northern slopes, but midsize raindrops were less. The DSD spectrum of the interior was more variable and differed significantly from that of the northern slopes. The differences in the normalized intercept parameters of the DSD for stratiform and convective rainfall were 8.3 % and 10.4 %, respectively, and those of the mass-weighted mean diameters were 10.0 % and 23.4 %, respectively, while the standard deviations of DSD parameters at interior sites were larger. The differences in the coefficient and exponent of the <span class="inline-formula"><i>Z</i></span>–<span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i></span> relationship were 2.5 % and 10.7 %, respectively, with an increasing value of the coefficient from the southern to the northern slopes for stratiform rainfall but the opposite for convective rainfall. In addition, the DSD characteristics and <span class="inline-formula"><i>Z</i></span>–<span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i></span> relationships were more similar at the ipsilateral sites and had smaller differences between the southern slopes and interior of the mountains.</p>https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/27/3895/2023/hess-27-3895-2023.pdf |
| spellingShingle | W. Mao W. Mao W. Mao W. Zhang W. Zhang W. Zhang M. Kou M. Kou Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in complicated mountain terrain Hydrology and Earth System Sciences |
| title | Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in complicated mountain terrain |
| title_full | Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in complicated mountain terrain |
| title_fullStr | Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in complicated mountain terrain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in complicated mountain terrain |
| title_short | Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in complicated mountain terrain |
| title_sort | statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution during rainy seasons in complicated mountain terrain |
| url | https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/27/3895/2023/hess-27-3895-2023.pdf |
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