Effects of hulless barley and exogenous beta-glucanase levels on ileal digesta soluble beta-glucan molecular weight, digestive tract characteristics, and performance of broiler chickens
The reduced use of antibiotics in poultry feed has led to the investigation of alternatives to antibiotics, and one such substitution is fermentable carbohydrates. Exogenous β-glucanase (BGase) is commonly used in poultry fed barley-based diets to reduce digesta viscosity. The effects of hulless bar...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Poultry Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003257912031018X |
| _version_ | 1818879900672589824 |
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| author | Namalika D. Karunaratne Henry L. Classen Nancy P. Ames Michael R. Bedford Rex W. Newkirk |
| author_facet | Namalika D. Karunaratne Henry L. Classen Nancy P. Ames Michael R. Bedford Rex W. Newkirk |
| author_sort | Namalika D. Karunaratne |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The reduced use of antibiotics in poultry feed has led to the investigation of alternatives to antibiotics, and one such substitution is fermentable carbohydrates. Exogenous β-glucanase (BGase) is commonly used in poultry fed barley-based diets to reduce digesta viscosity. The effects of hulless barley (HB) and BGase levels on ileal digesta soluble β-glucan molecular weight, digestive tract characteristics, and performance of broiler chickens were determined. A total of 360 day-old broilers were housed in battery cages (4 birds per cage) and fed graded levels of high β-glucan HB (CDC Fibar; 0, 30, and 60% replacing wheat) and BGase (Econase GT 200 P; 0, 0.01, and 0.1%) in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Beta-glucan peak molecular weight in the ileal digesta was lower with 30 and 60 than 0% HB, whereas the peak decreased with increasing BGase. The weight average molecular weight was lower at 0.1 than 0% BGase in wheat diets, whereas in HB diets, it was lower at 0.01 and 0.1 than 0% BGase. The maximum molecular weight was lower with 0.01 and 0.1 than 0% BGase regardless of the HB level. The maximum molecular weight was lower with HB than wheat at 0 or 0.01% BGase. Overall, empty weights and lengths of digestive tract sections increased with increasing HB, but there was no BGase effect. Hulless barley decreased the duodenum and jejunum contents, whereas increasing the gizzard (diets with BGase), ileum, and colon contents. The jejunum and small intestine contents decreased with increasing BGase. Ileal and colon pH increased with increasing HB, but there was no BGase effect. Treatment effects were minor on short-chain fatty acids levels and performance. In conclusion, exogenous BGase depolymerized the ileal digesta soluble β-glucan in broiler chickens in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, feed efficiency was impaired by increasing HB levels. However, HB and BGase did not affect carbohydrate fermentation in the ileum and ceca, although BGase decreased ileal viscosity and improved feed efficiency at the 0.1% dietary level. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T14:37:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-284ae919b24d468886f7ce699c208b57 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0032-5791 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T14:37:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Poultry Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-284ae919b24d468886f7ce699c208b572022-12-21T20:17:12ZengElsevierPoultry Science0032-57912021-03-011003100967Effects of hulless barley and exogenous beta-glucanase levels on ileal digesta soluble beta-glucan molecular weight, digestive tract characteristics, and performance of broiler chickensNamalika D. Karunaratne0Henry L. Classen1Nancy P. Ames2Michael R. Bedford3Rex W. Newkirk4Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8, CanadaDepartment of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8, CanadaAgriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, R3T 2E1 Manitoba, CanadaAB Vista, Marlborough, Wiltshire SN8 4AN, United KingdomDepartment of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8, Canada; Corresponding author:The reduced use of antibiotics in poultry feed has led to the investigation of alternatives to antibiotics, and one such substitution is fermentable carbohydrates. Exogenous β-glucanase (BGase) is commonly used in poultry fed barley-based diets to reduce digesta viscosity. The effects of hulless barley (HB) and BGase levels on ileal digesta soluble β-glucan molecular weight, digestive tract characteristics, and performance of broiler chickens were determined. A total of 360 day-old broilers were housed in battery cages (4 birds per cage) and fed graded levels of high β-glucan HB (CDC Fibar; 0, 30, and 60% replacing wheat) and BGase (Econase GT 200 P; 0, 0.01, and 0.1%) in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Beta-glucan peak molecular weight in the ileal digesta was lower with 30 and 60 than 0% HB, whereas the peak decreased with increasing BGase. The weight average molecular weight was lower at 0.1 than 0% BGase in wheat diets, whereas in HB diets, it was lower at 0.01 and 0.1 than 0% BGase. The maximum molecular weight was lower with 0.01 and 0.1 than 0% BGase regardless of the HB level. The maximum molecular weight was lower with HB than wheat at 0 or 0.01% BGase. Overall, empty weights and lengths of digestive tract sections increased with increasing HB, but there was no BGase effect. Hulless barley decreased the duodenum and jejunum contents, whereas increasing the gizzard (diets with BGase), ileum, and colon contents. The jejunum and small intestine contents decreased with increasing BGase. Ileal and colon pH increased with increasing HB, but there was no BGase effect. Treatment effects were minor on short-chain fatty acids levels and performance. In conclusion, exogenous BGase depolymerized the ileal digesta soluble β-glucan in broiler chickens in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, feed efficiency was impaired by increasing HB levels. However, HB and BGase did not affect carbohydrate fermentation in the ileum and ceca, although BGase decreased ileal viscosity and improved feed efficiency at the 0.1% dietary level.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003257912031018Xprebioticviscosityoligosaccharidenonstarch polysaccharidefeed enzymefermentation |
| spellingShingle | Namalika D. Karunaratne Henry L. Classen Nancy P. Ames Michael R. Bedford Rex W. Newkirk Effects of hulless barley and exogenous beta-glucanase levels on ileal digesta soluble beta-glucan molecular weight, digestive tract characteristics, and performance of broiler chickens Poultry Science prebiotic viscosity oligosaccharide nonstarch polysaccharide feed enzyme fermentation |
| title | Effects of hulless barley and exogenous beta-glucanase levels on ileal digesta soluble beta-glucan molecular weight, digestive tract characteristics, and performance of broiler chickens |
| title_full | Effects of hulless barley and exogenous beta-glucanase levels on ileal digesta soluble beta-glucan molecular weight, digestive tract characteristics, and performance of broiler chickens |
| title_fullStr | Effects of hulless barley and exogenous beta-glucanase levels on ileal digesta soluble beta-glucan molecular weight, digestive tract characteristics, and performance of broiler chickens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of hulless barley and exogenous beta-glucanase levels on ileal digesta soluble beta-glucan molecular weight, digestive tract characteristics, and performance of broiler chickens |
| title_short | Effects of hulless barley and exogenous beta-glucanase levels on ileal digesta soluble beta-glucan molecular weight, digestive tract characteristics, and performance of broiler chickens |
| title_sort | effects of hulless barley and exogenous beta glucanase levels on ileal digesta soluble beta glucan molecular weight digestive tract characteristics and performance of broiler chickens |
| topic | prebiotic viscosity oligosaccharide nonstarch polysaccharide feed enzyme fermentation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003257912031018X |
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