The splenic response to stroke: from rodents to stroke subjects
Abstract Background Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death and the leading cause of long-term disability in the USA, costing $40.2 billion in direct and indirect costs. Globally, stroke is the second leading cause of death and has a higher prevalence in lower- and middle-income countries compare...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Neuroinflammation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12974-018-1239-9 |
| _version_ | 1818989958296240128 |
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| author | Hilary A. Seifert Halina Offner |
| author_facet | Hilary A. Seifert Halina Offner |
| author_sort | Hilary A. Seifert |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death and the leading cause of long-term disability in the USA, costing $40.2 billion in direct and indirect costs. Globally, stroke is the second leading cause of death and has a higher prevalence in lower- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. The role of the spleen in stroke has been studied in rodent models of stroke and is seen as a major contributor to increased secondary neural injury after stroke. Splenectomy 2 weeks prior to ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in mice and rats shows decreased infarct volumes. Additionally, the spleen decreases in size following stroke in rodents. Pro-inflammatory mediators are also increased in the spleen and subsequently the brain after stroke. These data in preclinical models of stroke have led stroke neurologists to look at the splenic response in stroke subjects. The outcomes of these studies suggest the spleen is responding in a similar manner in stroke subjects as it is in animal models of stroke. Conclusion Animal models demonstrating the detrimental role of the spleen in stroke are providing strong evidence of how the spleen is responding during stroke in human subjects. This indicates treatments targeting the splenic immune response in animals could provide useful targets and treatments for stroke subjects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T19:46:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2856ec08deaf4651a6abd219ec8caac0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1742-2094 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T19:46:45Z |
| publishDate | 2018-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Neuroinflammation |
| spelling | doaj.art-2856ec08deaf4651a6abd219ec8caac02022-12-21T19:28:24ZengBMCJournal of Neuroinflammation1742-20942018-07-011511710.1186/s12974-018-1239-9The splenic response to stroke: from rodents to stroke subjectsHilary A. Seifert0Halina Offner1Neuroimmunology Research R&D-31 Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care SystemNeuroimmunology Research R&D-31 Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care SystemAbstract Background Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death and the leading cause of long-term disability in the USA, costing $40.2 billion in direct and indirect costs. Globally, stroke is the second leading cause of death and has a higher prevalence in lower- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. The role of the spleen in stroke has been studied in rodent models of stroke and is seen as a major contributor to increased secondary neural injury after stroke. Splenectomy 2 weeks prior to ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in mice and rats shows decreased infarct volumes. Additionally, the spleen decreases in size following stroke in rodents. Pro-inflammatory mediators are also increased in the spleen and subsequently the brain after stroke. These data in preclinical models of stroke have led stroke neurologists to look at the splenic response in stroke subjects. The outcomes of these studies suggest the spleen is responding in a similar manner in stroke subjects as it is in animal models of stroke. Conclusion Animal models demonstrating the detrimental role of the spleen in stroke are providing strong evidence of how the spleen is responding during stroke in human subjects. This indicates treatments targeting the splenic immune response in animals could provide useful targets and treatments for stroke subjects.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12974-018-1239-9StrokeSplenectomyImmune responseClinical studiesAnimal models |
| spellingShingle | Hilary A. Seifert Halina Offner The splenic response to stroke: from rodents to stroke subjects Journal of Neuroinflammation Stroke Splenectomy Immune response Clinical studies Animal models |
| title | The splenic response to stroke: from rodents to stroke subjects |
| title_full | The splenic response to stroke: from rodents to stroke subjects |
| title_fullStr | The splenic response to stroke: from rodents to stroke subjects |
| title_full_unstemmed | The splenic response to stroke: from rodents to stroke subjects |
| title_short | The splenic response to stroke: from rodents to stroke subjects |
| title_sort | splenic response to stroke from rodents to stroke subjects |
| topic | Stroke Splenectomy Immune response Clinical studies Animal models |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12974-018-1239-9 |
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