Reversal of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency in the rat brain, retina, liver, and serum
The loss of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from the retina or brain has been associated with a loss in nervous-system function in experimental animals, as well as in human infants fed vegetable oil-based formulas. The reversibility of the loss of DHA and the compensation by an increase in the n-6 docosa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2001-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Lipid Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022227520316667 |
| _version_ | 1818657203833274368 |
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| author | Toru Moriguchi James Loewke Megan Garrison Janice Nicklay Catalan Norman Salem, Jr. |
| author_facet | Toru Moriguchi James Loewke Megan Garrison Janice Nicklay Catalan Norman Salem, Jr. |
| author_sort | Toru Moriguchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The loss of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from the retina or brain has been associated with a loss in nervous-system function in experimental animals, as well as in human infants fed vegetable oil-based formulas. The reversibility of the loss of DHA and the compensation by an increase in the n-6 docosapentaenoic acid (DPAn-6) was studied in young adult rats. Long-Evans rats were subjected to a very low level of n-3 fatty acids through two generations. The F2 generation, n-3-deficient animals at 7 weeks of age were provided a repletion diet containing both α-linolenate and DHA. A separate group of F2 generation rats had been maintained on an n-3-adequate diet of the same composition. Tissues from the brain, retina, liver, and serum were collected on weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 from both groups of animals. The concentrations of DHA, DPAn-6, and other fatty acids were determined and the rate of recovery and length of time needed to complete DHA recovery were determined for each tissue. The DHA level in the brain at 1 and 2 weeks after diet reversal was only partially recovered, rising to approximately 20% and 35%, respectively, of the n-3-adequate group level. Full recovery was not obtained until 8 weeks after initiation of the repletion diet. Although the initial rate of retinal DHA accretion was greater than that of brain DHA, the half-time for DHA recovery was only marginally greater. On the other hand, the levels of DHA in the serum and liver were approximately 90% and 100% replaced, respectively, within 2 weeks of diet reversal. A consideration of the total amounts and time courses of DHA repleted in the nervous system compared with the liver and circulation suggests that transport-related processes may limit the rate of DHA repletion in the retina and brain. —Moriguchi, T., J. Loewke, M. Garrison, J. N. Catalan, N. Salem, Jr. Reversal of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency in the rat brain, retina, liver, and serum. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T03:37:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-286b261572764adf86ec6ff577bf31a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0022-2275 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T03:37:45Z |
| publishDate | 2001-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Lipid Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-286b261572764adf86ec6ff577bf31a22022-12-21T22:05:05ZengElsevierJournal of Lipid Research0022-22752001-03-01423419427Reversal of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency in the rat brain, retina, liver, and serumToru Moriguchi0James Loewke1Megan Garrison2Janice Nicklay Catalan3Norman Salem, Jr.4Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry & Biophysics, National Institutes on Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry & Biophysics, National Institutes on Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry & Biophysics, National Institutes on Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry & Biophysics, National Institutes on Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 2089212420 Parklawn Drive, Room 158 Rockville MD 20852; Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry & Biophysics, National Institutes on Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892The loss of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from the retina or brain has been associated with a loss in nervous-system function in experimental animals, as well as in human infants fed vegetable oil-based formulas. The reversibility of the loss of DHA and the compensation by an increase in the n-6 docosapentaenoic acid (DPAn-6) was studied in young adult rats. Long-Evans rats were subjected to a very low level of n-3 fatty acids through two generations. The F2 generation, n-3-deficient animals at 7 weeks of age were provided a repletion diet containing both α-linolenate and DHA. A separate group of F2 generation rats had been maintained on an n-3-adequate diet of the same composition. Tissues from the brain, retina, liver, and serum were collected on weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 from both groups of animals. The concentrations of DHA, DPAn-6, and other fatty acids were determined and the rate of recovery and length of time needed to complete DHA recovery were determined for each tissue. The DHA level in the brain at 1 and 2 weeks after diet reversal was only partially recovered, rising to approximately 20% and 35%, respectively, of the n-3-adequate group level. Full recovery was not obtained until 8 weeks after initiation of the repletion diet. Although the initial rate of retinal DHA accretion was greater than that of brain DHA, the half-time for DHA recovery was only marginally greater. On the other hand, the levels of DHA in the serum and liver were approximately 90% and 100% replaced, respectively, within 2 weeks of diet reversal. A consideration of the total amounts and time courses of DHA repleted in the nervous system compared with the liver and circulation suggests that transport-related processes may limit the rate of DHA repletion in the retina and brain. —Moriguchi, T., J. Loewke, M. Garrison, J. N. Catalan, N. Salem, Jr. Reversal of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency in the rat brain, retina, liver, and serum.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022227520316667docosapentaenoic acidarachidonic acidnervous systemn-3 fatty acid deficiencydietessential fatty acids |
| spellingShingle | Toru Moriguchi James Loewke Megan Garrison Janice Nicklay Catalan Norman Salem, Jr. Reversal of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency in the rat brain, retina, liver, and serum Journal of Lipid Research docosapentaenoic acid arachidonic acid nervous system n-3 fatty acid deficiency diet essential fatty acids |
| title | Reversal of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency in the rat brain, retina, liver, and serum |
| title_full | Reversal of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency in the rat brain, retina, liver, and serum |
| title_fullStr | Reversal of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency in the rat brain, retina, liver, and serum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reversal of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency in the rat brain, retina, liver, and serum |
| title_short | Reversal of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency in the rat brain, retina, liver, and serum |
| title_sort | reversal of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency in the rat brain retina liver and serum |
| topic | docosapentaenoic acid arachidonic acid nervous system n-3 fatty acid deficiency diet essential fatty acids |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022227520316667 |
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