Screening of selected ethnomedicinal plants from South Africa for larvicidal activity against the mosquito <it>Anopheles arabiensis</it>
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study was initiated to establish whether any South African ethnomedicinal plants (indigenous or exotic), that have been reported to be used traditionally to repel or kill mosquitoes, exhibit effective mosquito larvicidal propert...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2012-09-01
|
| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Online Access: | http://www.malariajournal.com/content/11/1/320 |
| _version_ | 1818520647581564928 |
|---|---|
| author | Maharaj Rajendra Maharaj Vinesh Crouch Neil R Bhagwandin Niresh Folb Peter I Pillay Pamisha Gayaram Reshma |
| author_facet | Maharaj Rajendra Maharaj Vinesh Crouch Neil R Bhagwandin Niresh Folb Peter I Pillay Pamisha Gayaram Reshma |
| author_sort | Maharaj Rajendra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study was initiated to establish whether any South African ethnomedicinal plants (indigenous or exotic), that have been reported to be used traditionally to repel or kill mosquitoes, exhibit effective mosquito larvicidal properties.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Extracts of a selection of plant taxa sourced in South Africa were tested for larvicidal properties in an applicable assay. Thirty 3<sup>rd</sup> instar <it>Anopheles arabiensis</it> larvae were exposed to various extract types (dichloromethane, dichloromethane/methanol) (1:1), methanol and purified water) of each species investigated. Mortality was evaluated relative to the positive control Temephos (Mostop; Agrivo), an effective emulsifiable concentrate larvicide.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Preliminary screening of crude extracts revealed substantial variation in toxicity with 24 of the 381 samples displaying 100% larval mortality within the seven day exposure period. Four of the high activity plants were selected and subjected to bioassay guided fractionation. The results of the testing of the fractions generated identified one fraction of the plant, <it>Toddalia asiatica</it> as being very potent against the <it>An. arabiensis</it> larvae.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The present study has successfully identified a plant with superior larvicidal activity at both the crude and semi pure fractions generated through bio-assay guided fractionation. These results have initiated further research into isolating the active compound and developing a malaria vector control tool.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:40:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2877c8f3230e4d23ae17eb72dca5bfac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:40:15Z |
| publishDate | 2012-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-2877c8f3230e4d23ae17eb72dca5bfac2022-12-22T01:25:04ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752012-09-0111132010.1186/1475-2875-11-320Screening of selected ethnomedicinal plants from South Africa for larvicidal activity against the mosquito <it>Anopheles arabiensis</it>Maharaj RajendraMaharaj VineshCrouch Neil RBhagwandin NireshFolb Peter IPillay PamishaGayaram Reshma<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study was initiated to establish whether any South African ethnomedicinal plants (indigenous or exotic), that have been reported to be used traditionally to repel or kill mosquitoes, exhibit effective mosquito larvicidal properties.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Extracts of a selection of plant taxa sourced in South Africa were tested for larvicidal properties in an applicable assay. Thirty 3<sup>rd</sup> instar <it>Anopheles arabiensis</it> larvae were exposed to various extract types (dichloromethane, dichloromethane/methanol) (1:1), methanol and purified water) of each species investigated. Mortality was evaluated relative to the positive control Temephos (Mostop; Agrivo), an effective emulsifiable concentrate larvicide.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Preliminary screening of crude extracts revealed substantial variation in toxicity with 24 of the 381 samples displaying 100% larval mortality within the seven day exposure period. Four of the high activity plants were selected and subjected to bioassay guided fractionation. The results of the testing of the fractions generated identified one fraction of the plant, <it>Toddalia asiatica</it> as being very potent against the <it>An. arabiensis</it> larvae.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The present study has successfully identified a plant with superior larvicidal activity at both the crude and semi pure fractions generated through bio-assay guided fractionation. These results have initiated further research into isolating the active compound and developing a malaria vector control tool.</p>http://www.malariajournal.com/content/11/1/320 |
| spellingShingle | Maharaj Rajendra Maharaj Vinesh Crouch Neil R Bhagwandin Niresh Folb Peter I Pillay Pamisha Gayaram Reshma Screening of selected ethnomedicinal plants from South Africa for larvicidal activity against the mosquito <it>Anopheles arabiensis</it> Malaria Journal |
| title | Screening of selected ethnomedicinal plants from South Africa for larvicidal activity against the mosquito <it>Anopheles arabiensis</it> |
| title_full | Screening of selected ethnomedicinal plants from South Africa for larvicidal activity against the mosquito <it>Anopheles arabiensis</it> |
| title_fullStr | Screening of selected ethnomedicinal plants from South Africa for larvicidal activity against the mosquito <it>Anopheles arabiensis</it> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Screening of selected ethnomedicinal plants from South Africa for larvicidal activity against the mosquito <it>Anopheles arabiensis</it> |
| title_short | Screening of selected ethnomedicinal plants from South Africa for larvicidal activity against the mosquito <it>Anopheles arabiensis</it> |
| title_sort | screening of selected ethnomedicinal plants from south africa for larvicidal activity against the mosquito it anopheles arabiensis it |
| url | http://www.malariajournal.com/content/11/1/320 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT maharajrajendra screeningofselectedethnomedicinalplantsfromsouthafricaforlarvicidalactivityagainstthemosquitoitanophelesarabiensisit AT maharajvinesh screeningofselectedethnomedicinalplantsfromsouthafricaforlarvicidalactivityagainstthemosquitoitanophelesarabiensisit AT crouchneilr screeningofselectedethnomedicinalplantsfromsouthafricaforlarvicidalactivityagainstthemosquitoitanophelesarabiensisit AT bhagwandinniresh screeningofselectedethnomedicinalplantsfromsouthafricaforlarvicidalactivityagainstthemosquitoitanophelesarabiensisit AT folbpeteri screeningofselectedethnomedicinalplantsfromsouthafricaforlarvicidalactivityagainstthemosquitoitanophelesarabiensisit AT pillaypamisha screeningofselectedethnomedicinalplantsfromsouthafricaforlarvicidalactivityagainstthemosquitoitanophelesarabiensisit AT gayaramreshma screeningofselectedethnomedicinalplantsfromsouthafricaforlarvicidalactivityagainstthemosquitoitanophelesarabiensisit |