Autophagy Controls Sulphur Metabolism in the Rosette Leaves of Arabidopsis and Facilitates S Remobilization to the Seeds
Sulphur deficiency in crops became an agricultural concern several decades ago, due to the decrease of S deposition and the atmospheric sulphur dioxide emissions released by industrial plants. Autophagy, which is a conserved mechanism for nutrient recycling in eukaryotes, is involved in nitrogen, ir...
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MDPI AG
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/2/332 |
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| author | Aurélia Lornac Marien Havé Fabien Chardon Fabienne Soulay Gilles Clément Jean-Christophe Avice Céline Masclaux-Daubresse |
| author_facet | Aurélia Lornac Marien Havé Fabien Chardon Fabienne Soulay Gilles Clément Jean-Christophe Avice Céline Masclaux-Daubresse |
| author_sort | Aurélia Lornac |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sulphur deficiency in crops became an agricultural concern several decades ago, due to the decrease of S deposition and the atmospheric sulphur dioxide emissions released by industrial plants. Autophagy, which is a conserved mechanism for nutrient recycling in eukaryotes, is involved in nitrogen, iron, zinc and manganese remobilizations from the rosette to the seeds in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>. Here, we have compared the role of autophagy in sulphur and nitrogen management at the whole plant level, performing concurrent labelling with <sup>34</sup>S and <sup>15</sup>N isotopes on <i>atg5</i> mutants and control lines. We show that both <sup>34</sup>S and <sup>15</sup>N remobilizations from the rosette to the seeds are impaired in the <i>atg5</i> mutants irrespective of salicylic acid accumulation and of sulphur nutrition. The comparison in each genotype of the partitions of <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>34</sup>S in the seeds (as % of the whole plant) indicates that the remobilization of <sup>34</sup>S to the seeds was twice more efficient than that of <sup>15</sup>N in both autophagy mutants and control lines under high S conditions, and also in control lines under low S conditions. This was different in the autophagy mutants grown under low S conditions. Under low S, the partition of <sup>34</sup>S to their seeds was indeed not twice as high but similar to that of <sup>15</sup>N. Such discrepancy shows that when sulphate availability is scarce, autophagy mutants display stronger defects for <sup>34</sup>S remobilization relative to <sup>15</sup>N remobilization than under high S conditions. It suggests, moreover, that autophagy mainly affects the transport of N-poor S-containing molecules and possibly sulphate. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:17:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
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| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-287cfb1483094279adfa825013f55b2a2023-08-02T01:13:06ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-01-019233210.3390/cells9020332cells9020332Autophagy Controls Sulphur Metabolism in the Rosette Leaves of Arabidopsis and Facilitates S Remobilization to the SeedsAurélia Lornac0Marien Havé1Fabien Chardon2Fabienne Soulay3Gilles Clément4Jean-Christophe Avice5Céline Masclaux-Daubresse6UCBN, UMR INRA–UCBN 950 Ecophysiologie Végétale &, Agronomie & Nutritions N.C.S., SFR Normandie Végétal (FED 4277), Normandie Université, F-14032 Caen, FranceInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, FranceInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, FranceInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, FranceInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, FranceUCBN, UMR INRA–UCBN 950 Ecophysiologie Végétale &, Agronomie & Nutritions N.C.S., SFR Normandie Végétal (FED 4277), Normandie Université, F-14032 Caen, FranceInstitut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, FranceSulphur deficiency in crops became an agricultural concern several decades ago, due to the decrease of S deposition and the atmospheric sulphur dioxide emissions released by industrial plants. Autophagy, which is a conserved mechanism for nutrient recycling in eukaryotes, is involved in nitrogen, iron, zinc and manganese remobilizations from the rosette to the seeds in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>. Here, we have compared the role of autophagy in sulphur and nitrogen management at the whole plant level, performing concurrent labelling with <sup>34</sup>S and <sup>15</sup>N isotopes on <i>atg5</i> mutants and control lines. We show that both <sup>34</sup>S and <sup>15</sup>N remobilizations from the rosette to the seeds are impaired in the <i>atg5</i> mutants irrespective of salicylic acid accumulation and of sulphur nutrition. The comparison in each genotype of the partitions of <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>34</sup>S in the seeds (as % of the whole plant) indicates that the remobilization of <sup>34</sup>S to the seeds was twice more efficient than that of <sup>15</sup>N in both autophagy mutants and control lines under high S conditions, and also in control lines under low S conditions. This was different in the autophagy mutants grown under low S conditions. Under low S, the partition of <sup>34</sup>S to their seeds was indeed not twice as high but similar to that of <sup>15</sup>N. Such discrepancy shows that when sulphate availability is scarce, autophagy mutants display stronger defects for <sup>34</sup>S remobilization relative to <sup>15</sup>N remobilization than under high S conditions. It suggests, moreover, that autophagy mainly affects the transport of N-poor S-containing molecules and possibly sulphate.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/2/332sulphateleaf senescenceseed fillingnitrogen use efficiencysulphur use efficiencyresource allocation |
| spellingShingle | Aurélia Lornac Marien Havé Fabien Chardon Fabienne Soulay Gilles Clément Jean-Christophe Avice Céline Masclaux-Daubresse Autophagy Controls Sulphur Metabolism in the Rosette Leaves of Arabidopsis and Facilitates S Remobilization to the Seeds Cells sulphate leaf senescence seed filling nitrogen use efficiency sulphur use efficiency resource allocation |
| title | Autophagy Controls Sulphur Metabolism in the Rosette Leaves of Arabidopsis and Facilitates S Remobilization to the Seeds |
| title_full | Autophagy Controls Sulphur Metabolism in the Rosette Leaves of Arabidopsis and Facilitates S Remobilization to the Seeds |
| title_fullStr | Autophagy Controls Sulphur Metabolism in the Rosette Leaves of Arabidopsis and Facilitates S Remobilization to the Seeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Autophagy Controls Sulphur Metabolism in the Rosette Leaves of Arabidopsis and Facilitates S Remobilization to the Seeds |
| title_short | Autophagy Controls Sulphur Metabolism in the Rosette Leaves of Arabidopsis and Facilitates S Remobilization to the Seeds |
| title_sort | autophagy controls sulphur metabolism in the rosette leaves of arabidopsis and facilitates s remobilization to the seeds |
| topic | sulphate leaf senescence seed filling nitrogen use efficiency sulphur use efficiency resource allocation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/2/332 |
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