Interaction Effect of the Mediterranean Diet and an Obesity Genetic Risk Score on Adiposity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: The HELENA Study
Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are worldwide major health challenges. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with a better cardiometabolic profile, but these beneficial effects may be influenced by genetic variations, modulating the predisposition to obesity or MetS. The aim was to assess...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-12-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/12/3841 |
| _version_ | 1797544525397229568 |
|---|---|
| author | Miguel Seral-Cortes Sergio Sabroso-Lasa Pilar De Miguel-Etayo Marcela Gonzalez-Gross Eva Gesteiro Cristina Molina-Hidalgo Stefaan De Henauw Éva Erhardt Laura Censi Yannis Manios Eva Karaglani Kurt Widhalm Anthony Kafatos Laurent Beghin Aline Meirhaeghe Diego Salazar-Tortosa Jonatan R. Ruiz Luis A. Moreno Luis Mariano Esteban Idoia Labayen |
| author_facet | Miguel Seral-Cortes Sergio Sabroso-Lasa Pilar De Miguel-Etayo Marcela Gonzalez-Gross Eva Gesteiro Cristina Molina-Hidalgo Stefaan De Henauw Éva Erhardt Laura Censi Yannis Manios Eva Karaglani Kurt Widhalm Anthony Kafatos Laurent Beghin Aline Meirhaeghe Diego Salazar-Tortosa Jonatan R. Ruiz Luis A. Moreno Luis Mariano Esteban Idoia Labayen |
| author_sort | Miguel Seral-Cortes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are worldwide major health challenges. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with a better cardiometabolic profile, but these beneficial effects may be influenced by genetic variations, modulating the predisposition to obesity or MetS. The aim was to assess whether interaction effects occur between an obesity genetic risk score (obesity-GRS) and the MD on adiposity and MetS in European adolescents. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the interaction effects of an obesity-GRS and the MD on adiposity and MetS and its components. Interaction effects between the MD on adiposity and MetS were observed in both sex groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, those interaction effects were only expressed in a certain number of adolescents, when a limited number of risk alleles were present. Regarding adiposity, a total of 51.1% males and 98.7% females had lower body mass index (BMI) as a result of higher MD adherence. Concerning MetS, only 9.9% of males with higher MD adherence had lower MetS scores. However, the same effect was observed in 95.2% of females. In conclusion, obesity-related genotypes could modulate the relationship between MD adherence and adiposity and MetS in European adolescents; the interaction effect was higher in females than in males. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:01:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-287f03def87c4a3784fd7159a3a38df2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:01:47Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-287f03def87c4a3784fd7159a3a38df22023-11-21T01:03:22ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432020-12-011212384110.3390/nu12123841Interaction Effect of the Mediterranean Diet and an Obesity Genetic Risk Score on Adiposity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: The HELENA StudyMiguel Seral-Cortes0Sergio Sabroso-Lasa1Pilar De Miguel-Etayo2Marcela Gonzalez-Gross3Eva Gesteiro4Cristina Molina-Hidalgo5Stefaan De Henauw6Éva Erhardt7Laura Censi8Yannis Manios9Eva Karaglani10Kurt Widhalm11Anthony Kafatos12Laurent Beghin13Aline Meirhaeghe14Diego Salazar-Tortosa15Jonatan R. Ruiz16Luis A. Moreno17Luis Mariano Esteban18Idoia Labayen19Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, SpainSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, SpainGrowth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, SpainCIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainEFFECTS 262 Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, SpainDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7623 Pécs, HungaryCouncil for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Center for Food and Nutrition, 00198 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, 176 71 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, 176 71 Athens, GreeceDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Med III, Austria and Austrian Academic Institute for Clinical Nutrition, 1090 Vienna, AustriaFaculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 715 00 Crete, GreeceCIC-1403-Inserm-CHU, Clinical Investigation Center, LIRIC UMR 995 Inserm, CHU Lille, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, FranceUMR1167, RID-AGE, Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Centre Hosp, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, 59019 Lille, FranceDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USAPROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical and Sports Education, School of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, SpainGrowth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, SpainEscuela Politécnica de La Almunia, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50100 Zaragoza, SpainDepartment of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, SpainObesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are worldwide major health challenges. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with a better cardiometabolic profile, but these beneficial effects may be influenced by genetic variations, modulating the predisposition to obesity or MetS. The aim was to assess whether interaction effects occur between an obesity genetic risk score (obesity-GRS) and the MD on adiposity and MetS in European adolescents. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the interaction effects of an obesity-GRS and the MD on adiposity and MetS and its components. Interaction effects between the MD on adiposity and MetS were observed in both sex groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, those interaction effects were only expressed in a certain number of adolescents, when a limited number of risk alleles were present. Regarding adiposity, a total of 51.1% males and 98.7% females had lower body mass index (BMI) as a result of higher MD adherence. Concerning MetS, only 9.9% of males with higher MD adherence had lower MetS scores. However, the same effect was observed in 95.2% of females. In conclusion, obesity-related genotypes could modulate the relationship between MD adherence and adiposity and MetS in European adolescents; the interaction effect was higher in females than in males.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/12/3841metabolic syndromeMediterranean dietgenetic risk scoreHELENAadolescentssex |
| spellingShingle | Miguel Seral-Cortes Sergio Sabroso-Lasa Pilar De Miguel-Etayo Marcela Gonzalez-Gross Eva Gesteiro Cristina Molina-Hidalgo Stefaan De Henauw Éva Erhardt Laura Censi Yannis Manios Eva Karaglani Kurt Widhalm Anthony Kafatos Laurent Beghin Aline Meirhaeghe Diego Salazar-Tortosa Jonatan R. Ruiz Luis A. Moreno Luis Mariano Esteban Idoia Labayen Interaction Effect of the Mediterranean Diet and an Obesity Genetic Risk Score on Adiposity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: The HELENA Study Nutrients metabolic syndrome Mediterranean diet genetic risk score HELENA adolescents sex |
| title | Interaction Effect of the Mediterranean Diet and an Obesity Genetic Risk Score on Adiposity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: The HELENA Study |
| title_full | Interaction Effect of the Mediterranean Diet and an Obesity Genetic Risk Score on Adiposity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: The HELENA Study |
| title_fullStr | Interaction Effect of the Mediterranean Diet and an Obesity Genetic Risk Score on Adiposity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: The HELENA Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interaction Effect of the Mediterranean Diet and an Obesity Genetic Risk Score on Adiposity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: The HELENA Study |
| title_short | Interaction Effect of the Mediterranean Diet and an Obesity Genetic Risk Score on Adiposity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: The HELENA Study |
| title_sort | interaction effect of the mediterranean diet and an obesity genetic risk score on adiposity and metabolic syndrome in adolescents the helena study |
| topic | metabolic syndrome Mediterranean diet genetic risk score HELENA adolescents sex |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/12/3841 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT miguelseralcortes interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT sergiosabrosolasa interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT pilardemigueletayo interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT marcelagonzalezgross interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT evagesteiro interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT cristinamolinahidalgo interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT stefaandehenauw interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT evaerhardt interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT lauracensi interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT yannismanios interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT evakaraglani interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT kurtwidhalm interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT anthonykafatos interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT laurentbeghin interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT alinemeirhaeghe interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT diegosalazartortosa interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT jonatanrruiz interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT luisamoreno interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT luismarianoesteban interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy AT idoialabayen interactioneffectofthemediterraneandietandanobesitygeneticriskscoreonadiposityandmetabolicsyndromeinadolescentsthehelenastudy |