Characterization of Ca-Dicarboxylate Salt Hydrates as Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials
Salt hydrates are highly promising materials for thermochemical energy storage applications to store waste heat below 200 °C. Although highly researched and theoretically promising, in practical applications salt hydrates often cannot fulfill expectations. Based on the promising results of the Ca-ox...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/10/1518 |
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| author | Jakob Werner Jakob Smith Berthold Stöger Werner Artner Andreas Werner Peter Weinberger |
| author_facet | Jakob Werner Jakob Smith Berthold Stöger Werner Artner Andreas Werner Peter Weinberger |
| author_sort | Jakob Werner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salt hydrates are highly promising materials for thermochemical energy storage applications to store waste heat below 200 °C. Although highly researched and theoretically promising, in practical applications salt hydrates often cannot fulfill expectations. Based on the promising results of the Ca-oxalate monohydrate/Ca-oxalate system, other Ca-dicarboxylate salt hydrates were investigated to determine whether potential materials for heat storage can be found amongst them. A simultaneous thermal analysis showed that all candidates are applicable in the temperature range of 100–200 °C, and thermally stable up to 220 °C. Calcium malonate dihydrate (637 J/g), calcium terephthalate trihydrate (695 J/g), and tetrafluoro calcium terephthalate tetrahydrate (657 J/g) have shown higher enthalpies of dehydration than Ca-oxalate monohydrate. Due to the investigation of derivatives of Ca-terephthalate, it is possible to report the crystal structure of 2-fluoro calcium terephthalate. In single crystals, it forms a trihydrate and crystallizes in the Pmna space group (Z = 4, Z’ = ½) forming infinite chains of Ca atoms. De- and rehydration reactions of the most promising candidates were studied in situ with powder X-ray diffraction showing the structural changes between the hydrate and anhydrate states. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:19:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-28a2a0488adf4a928bdc98803507cff7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:19:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-28a2a0488adf4a928bdc98803507cff72023-11-19T16:10:24ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522023-10-011310151810.3390/cryst13101518Characterization of Ca-Dicarboxylate Salt Hydrates as Thermochemical Energy Storage MaterialsJakob Werner0Jakob Smith1Berthold Stöger2Werner Artner3Andreas Werner4Peter Weinberger5Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9/163-01-3, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9/163-01-3, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaX-ray Center, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaX-ray Center, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Energy Systems and Thermodynamics, Getreidemarkt 9/302, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9/163-01-3, A-1060 Vienna, AustriaSalt hydrates are highly promising materials for thermochemical energy storage applications to store waste heat below 200 °C. Although highly researched and theoretically promising, in practical applications salt hydrates often cannot fulfill expectations. Based on the promising results of the Ca-oxalate monohydrate/Ca-oxalate system, other Ca-dicarboxylate salt hydrates were investigated to determine whether potential materials for heat storage can be found amongst them. A simultaneous thermal analysis showed that all candidates are applicable in the temperature range of 100–200 °C, and thermally stable up to 220 °C. Calcium malonate dihydrate (637 J/g), calcium terephthalate trihydrate (695 J/g), and tetrafluoro calcium terephthalate tetrahydrate (657 J/g) have shown higher enthalpies of dehydration than Ca-oxalate monohydrate. Due to the investigation of derivatives of Ca-terephthalate, it is possible to report the crystal structure of 2-fluoro calcium terephthalate. In single crystals, it forms a trihydrate and crystallizes in the Pmna space group (Z = 4, Z’ = ½) forming infinite chains of Ca atoms. De- and rehydration reactions of the most promising candidates were studied in situ with powder X-ray diffraction showing the structural changes between the hydrate and anhydrate states.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/10/1518thermochemical storage materialsthermochemical and thermophysical material propertiescrystallizationcrystal structure |
| spellingShingle | Jakob Werner Jakob Smith Berthold Stöger Werner Artner Andreas Werner Peter Weinberger Characterization of Ca-Dicarboxylate Salt Hydrates as Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials Crystals thermochemical storage materials thermochemical and thermophysical material properties crystallization crystal structure |
| title | Characterization of Ca-Dicarboxylate Salt Hydrates as Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials |
| title_full | Characterization of Ca-Dicarboxylate Salt Hydrates as Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Ca-Dicarboxylate Salt Hydrates as Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Ca-Dicarboxylate Salt Hydrates as Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials |
| title_short | Characterization of Ca-Dicarboxylate Salt Hydrates as Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials |
| title_sort | characterization of ca dicarboxylate salt hydrates as thermochemical energy storage materials |
| topic | thermochemical storage materials thermochemical and thermophysical material properties crystallization crystal structure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/10/1518 |
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