Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose
Background: While the bioavailability of cocoa polyphenols, particularly of the monomer (-)-epicatechin, has been investigated after a single-dose intake, the effect of sustained cocoa consumption on the metabolic profile of the structurally related (-)-epicatechin metabolites (SREMs) has not been i...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3829 |
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| author | Paloma K. Barrera-Reyes Josué Cortés-Fernández de Lara Laure Poquet Karine Redeuil Martin Kussmann Irma Silva-Zolezzi Elizabeth M. Tejero |
| author_facet | Paloma K. Barrera-Reyes Josué Cortés-Fernández de Lara Laure Poquet Karine Redeuil Martin Kussmann Irma Silva-Zolezzi Elizabeth M. Tejero |
| author_sort | Paloma K. Barrera-Reyes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: While the bioavailability of cocoa polyphenols, particularly of the monomer (-)-epicatechin, has been investigated after a single-dose intake, the effect of sustained cocoa consumption on the metabolic profile of the structurally related (-)-epicatechin metabolites (SREMs) has not been investigated. Methods: A randomized, controlled crossover clinical trial in healthy young adults (18–40 year) was conducted to evaluate SREMs after consumption of a single-dose and after daily consumption of 1.3 g of polyphenol-rich cocoa powder for 28 days. The circulating SREMs were measured by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Results: Twenty subjects (eleven males and nine females) were enrolled. The SREMs concentrations increased to 1741 ± 337 nM after a single-dose and to 1445 ± 270 nM after sustained supplementation. Sulfate conjugates showed higher levels in females (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The epicatechin-3′-glucuronide (E3′G) and epicatechin-3′-sulfate (E3′S) were the most abundant metabolites in all subjects. A high intra-individual correlation (r = 0.72, <i>p</i> < 0.001) between SREMs concentrations after single-dose and sustained supplementation was observed. The antioxidant capacity of plasma did not change in response to the intervention and was not correlated with any of the SREMs. Conclusion: The individual SREMs profile and concentrations after a 28-day supplementation are comparable to those after a single dose. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:11:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-28a8ce19d80a495d91779e25524d457b2023-11-23T00:46:35ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-10-011311382910.3390/nu13113829Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single DosePaloma K. Barrera-Reyes0Josué Cortés-Fernández de Lara1Laure Poquet2Karine Redeuil3Martin Kussmann4Irma Silva-Zolezzi5Elizabeth M. Tejero6Laboratorio de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, MexicoLaboratorio de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, MexicoNestlé Research Lausanne, Société des Produits Nestlé, 57 route du Jorat, CH-1000 Lausanne 25, SwitzerlandNestlé Research Lausanne, Société des Produits Nestlé, 57 route du Jorat, CH-1000 Lausanne 25, SwitzerlandNuritas Limited, D02 RY95 Dublin, IrelandNestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé, Singapore 618802, SingaporeLaboratorio de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, MexicoBackground: While the bioavailability of cocoa polyphenols, particularly of the monomer (-)-epicatechin, has been investigated after a single-dose intake, the effect of sustained cocoa consumption on the metabolic profile of the structurally related (-)-epicatechin metabolites (SREMs) has not been investigated. Methods: A randomized, controlled crossover clinical trial in healthy young adults (18–40 year) was conducted to evaluate SREMs after consumption of a single-dose and after daily consumption of 1.3 g of polyphenol-rich cocoa powder for 28 days. The circulating SREMs were measured by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Results: Twenty subjects (eleven males and nine females) were enrolled. The SREMs concentrations increased to 1741 ± 337 nM after a single-dose and to 1445 ± 270 nM after sustained supplementation. Sulfate conjugates showed higher levels in females (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The epicatechin-3′-glucuronide (E3′G) and epicatechin-3′-sulfate (E3′S) were the most abundant metabolites in all subjects. A high intra-individual correlation (r = 0.72, <i>p</i> < 0.001) between SREMs concentrations after single-dose and sustained supplementation was observed. The antioxidant capacity of plasma did not change in response to the intervention and was not correlated with any of the SREMs. Conclusion: The individual SREMs profile and concentrations after a 28-day supplementation are comparable to those after a single dose.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3829healthy adultscocoapolyphenolsepicatechinepicatechin metabolitesquantification |
| spellingShingle | Paloma K. Barrera-Reyes Josué Cortés-Fernández de Lara Laure Poquet Karine Redeuil Martin Kussmann Irma Silva-Zolezzi Elizabeth M. Tejero Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose Nutrients healthy adults cocoa polyphenols epicatechin epicatechin metabolites quantification |
| title | Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose |
| title_full | Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose |
| title_fullStr | Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose |
| title_full_unstemmed | Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose |
| title_short | Circulating Structurally Related (-)-Epicatechin Metabolite Species and Levels after Sustained Intake of a Cocoa Powder High in Polyphenols Are Comparable to Those Achieved after a Single Dose |
| title_sort | circulating structurally related epicatechin metabolite species and levels after sustained intake of a cocoa powder high in polyphenols are comparable to those achieved after a single dose |
| topic | healthy adults cocoa polyphenols epicatechin epicatechin metabolites quantification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3829 |
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