Humoral and cellular immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination of lung transplant recipients and patients on the waiting list: a 6-month follow-up
BackgroundData on cellular response and the decay of antibodies and T cells in time are scarce in lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Additionally, the development and durability of humoral and cellular immune responses have not been investigated in patients on the waitlist for lung transplantation (...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254659/full |
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| author | Rogier A. S. Hoek Siqi Liu Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel Erik A. M. Verschuuren Judith M. Vonk Merel E. Hellemons Mirjam Kool Nynke Wijbenga Susanne Bogers Sandra Scherbeijn Sharona Rugebregt Johanna P. van Gemert Willie N. Steenhuis Hubert G. M. Niesters Debbie van Baarle Debbie van Baarle Rory D. de Vries Coretta Van Leer Buter |
| author_facet | Rogier A. S. Hoek Siqi Liu Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel Erik A. M. Verschuuren Judith M. Vonk Merel E. Hellemons Mirjam Kool Nynke Wijbenga Susanne Bogers Sandra Scherbeijn Sharona Rugebregt Johanna P. van Gemert Willie N. Steenhuis Hubert G. M. Niesters Debbie van Baarle Debbie van Baarle Rory D. de Vries Coretta Van Leer Buter |
| author_sort | Rogier A. S. Hoek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundData on cellular response and the decay of antibodies and T cells in time are scarce in lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Additionally, the development and durability of humoral and cellular immune responses have not been investigated in patients on the waitlist for lung transplantation (WLs). Here, we report our 6-month follow-up of humoral and cellular immune responses of LTRs and WLs, compared with controls.MethodsHumoral responses to two doses of the mRNA-1273 vaccination were assessed by determining spike (S)-specific IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies. Cellular responses were investigated by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release assay (IGRA) and IFN-γ ELISpot assay at 28 days and 6 months after the second vaccination.ResultsIn LTRs, the level of antibodies and T-cell responses was significantly lower at 28 days after the second vaccination. Also, WLs had lower antibody titers and lower T-cell responses compared with controls. Six months after the second vaccination, all groups showed a decrease in antibody titers and T-cell responses. In WLs, the rate of decline of neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses was significantly higher than in controls.ConclusionOur results show that humoral and cellular responses in LTRs, if they develop, decrease at rates comparable with controls. In contrast, the inferior cellular responses and the rapid decay of both humoral and cellular responses in the WL groups imply that WLs may not be protected adequately by two vaccinations and repeat boostering may be necessary to induce protection that lasts beyond the months immediately post-transplantation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:07:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-28c282fddf214873b95b8fd9dcd05809 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:07:34Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-28c282fddf214873b95b8fd9dcd058092024-01-04T04:21:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242024-01-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.12546591254659Humoral and cellular immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination of lung transplant recipients and patients on the waiting list: a 6-month follow-upRogier A. S. Hoek0Siqi Liu1Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel2Erik A. M. Verschuuren3Judith M. Vonk4Merel E. Hellemons5Mirjam Kool6Nynke Wijbenga7Susanne Bogers8Sandra Scherbeijn9Sharona Rugebregt10Johanna P. van Gemert11Willie N. Steenhuis12Hubert G. M. Niesters13Debbie van Baarle14Debbie van Baarle15Rory D. de Vries16Coretta Van Leer Buter17Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center (MC) Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Epidemiology and Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center (MC) Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center (MC) Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center (MC) Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsCenter for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsBackgroundData on cellular response and the decay of antibodies and T cells in time are scarce in lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Additionally, the development and durability of humoral and cellular immune responses have not been investigated in patients on the waitlist for lung transplantation (WLs). Here, we report our 6-month follow-up of humoral and cellular immune responses of LTRs and WLs, compared with controls.MethodsHumoral responses to two doses of the mRNA-1273 vaccination were assessed by determining spike (S)-specific IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies. Cellular responses were investigated by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release assay (IGRA) and IFN-γ ELISpot assay at 28 days and 6 months after the second vaccination.ResultsIn LTRs, the level of antibodies and T-cell responses was significantly lower at 28 days after the second vaccination. Also, WLs had lower antibody titers and lower T-cell responses compared with controls. Six months after the second vaccination, all groups showed a decrease in antibody titers and T-cell responses. In WLs, the rate of decline of neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses was significantly higher than in controls.ConclusionOur results show that humoral and cellular responses in LTRs, if they develop, decrease at rates comparable with controls. In contrast, the inferior cellular responses and the rapid decay of both humoral and cellular responses in the WL groups imply that WLs may not be protected adequately by two vaccinations and repeat boostering may be necessary to induce protection that lasts beyond the months immediately post-transplantation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254659/fullcellular responseshumoral responsesantibody decaycellular decaylung transplantationwaitlist |
| spellingShingle | Rogier A. S. Hoek Siqi Liu Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel Erik A. M. Verschuuren Judith M. Vonk Merel E. Hellemons Mirjam Kool Nynke Wijbenga Susanne Bogers Sandra Scherbeijn Sharona Rugebregt Johanna P. van Gemert Willie N. Steenhuis Hubert G. M. Niesters Debbie van Baarle Debbie van Baarle Rory D. de Vries Coretta Van Leer Buter Humoral and cellular immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination of lung transplant recipients and patients on the waiting list: a 6-month follow-up Frontiers in Immunology cellular responses humoral responses antibody decay cellular decay lung transplantation waitlist |
| title | Humoral and cellular immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination of lung transplant recipients and patients on the waiting list: a 6-month follow-up |
| title_full | Humoral and cellular immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination of lung transplant recipients and patients on the waiting list: a 6-month follow-up |
| title_fullStr | Humoral and cellular immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination of lung transplant recipients and patients on the waiting list: a 6-month follow-up |
| title_full_unstemmed | Humoral and cellular immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination of lung transplant recipients and patients on the waiting list: a 6-month follow-up |
| title_short | Humoral and cellular immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination of lung transplant recipients and patients on the waiting list: a 6-month follow-up |
| title_sort | humoral and cellular immune responses after covid 19 vaccination of lung transplant recipients and patients on the waiting list a 6 month follow up |
| topic | cellular responses humoral responses antibody decay cellular decay lung transplantation waitlist |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254659/full |
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