Individual differences influence exercise behavior: how personality, motivation, and behavioral regulation vary among exercise mode preferences

Personality traits, participatory motives, and behavior regulation have been linked to physical activity engagement. It is possible that these dimensions are associated with the type of physical activity one chooses to engage. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine individual differences in...

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Main Authors: Allyson G. Box, Yuri Feito, Chris Brown, Steven J. Petruzzello
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2019-04-01
Series:Heliyon
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844018358067
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author Allyson G. Box
Yuri Feito
Chris Brown
Steven J. Petruzzello
author_facet Allyson G. Box
Yuri Feito
Chris Brown
Steven J. Petruzzello
author_sort Allyson G. Box
collection DOAJ
description Personality traits, participatory motives, and behavior regulation have been linked to physical activity engagement. It is possible that these dimensions are associated with the type of physical activity one chooses to engage. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine individual differences in those participating in various primary modes of physical activity (PMA) and determine which individual differences are predictive of exercise frequency. Methods: 403 adults (36.3 ± 11.6 yrs, 35.5% male) completed an online survey. The survey included questions related to their PMA, items for the Big Five Inventory (BFI), Exercise Motivation Inventory (EMI-2), and the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3). PMAs were divided into 5 main groups: CrossFit® Training (n = 89), Group Exercise (n = 59), Aerobic Training (n = 97), Resistance Training (n = 127), and Sport (n = 31). Results: A multivariate ANOVA revealed significant differences in exercise motivation [ps ≤ .001, η2p = .05 – .22] and behavior regulation [ps ≤ .05, η2p = .03 – .06] between PMAs, but personality dimensions did not differ. A linear regression revealed that differences in motivation and regulation explained 17.1% (p = .001) variance in exercise behavior. Conclusions: These findings support the notion that individual differences exist between motivational dimensions and individuals' preference to engage in a particular physical activity mode. Further, these differences in motivation influence physical activity engagement (i.e., frequency).
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spelling doaj.art-28c7316071ad4bf9a0e3d79f8de4c4a42022-12-21T18:51:29ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402019-04-0154e01459Individual differences influence exercise behavior: how personality, motivation, and behavioral regulation vary among exercise mode preferencesAllyson G. Box0Yuri Feito1Chris Brown2Steven J. Petruzzello3Dept. Kinesiology and Community Health at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 906 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, United StatesDept. Exercise Science and Sport Management at Kennesaw State University, 520 Parliament Garden Way NW, Kennesaw, GA 30144-5591, United States; Corresponding author.Dept. Exercise Science and Sport Management at Kennesaw State University, 520 Parliament Garden Way NW, Kennesaw, GA 30144-5591, United StatesDept. Kinesiology and Community Health at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 906 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, United StatesPersonality traits, participatory motives, and behavior regulation have been linked to physical activity engagement. It is possible that these dimensions are associated with the type of physical activity one chooses to engage. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine individual differences in those participating in various primary modes of physical activity (PMA) and determine which individual differences are predictive of exercise frequency. Methods: 403 adults (36.3 ± 11.6 yrs, 35.5% male) completed an online survey. The survey included questions related to their PMA, items for the Big Five Inventory (BFI), Exercise Motivation Inventory (EMI-2), and the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3). PMAs were divided into 5 main groups: CrossFit® Training (n = 89), Group Exercise (n = 59), Aerobic Training (n = 97), Resistance Training (n = 127), and Sport (n = 31). Results: A multivariate ANOVA revealed significant differences in exercise motivation [ps ≤ .001, η2p = .05 – .22] and behavior regulation [ps ≤ .05, η2p = .03 – .06] between PMAs, but personality dimensions did not differ. A linear regression revealed that differences in motivation and regulation explained 17.1% (p = .001) variance in exercise behavior. Conclusions: These findings support the notion that individual differences exist between motivational dimensions and individuals' preference to engage in a particular physical activity mode. Further, these differences in motivation influence physical activity engagement (i.e., frequency).http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844018358067Psychology
spellingShingle Allyson G. Box
Yuri Feito
Chris Brown
Steven J. Petruzzello
Individual differences influence exercise behavior: how personality, motivation, and behavioral regulation vary among exercise mode preferences
Heliyon
Psychology
title Individual differences influence exercise behavior: how personality, motivation, and behavioral regulation vary among exercise mode preferences
title_full Individual differences influence exercise behavior: how personality, motivation, and behavioral regulation vary among exercise mode preferences
title_fullStr Individual differences influence exercise behavior: how personality, motivation, and behavioral regulation vary among exercise mode preferences
title_full_unstemmed Individual differences influence exercise behavior: how personality, motivation, and behavioral regulation vary among exercise mode preferences
title_short Individual differences influence exercise behavior: how personality, motivation, and behavioral regulation vary among exercise mode preferences
title_sort individual differences influence exercise behavior how personality motivation and behavioral regulation vary among exercise mode preferences
topic Psychology
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844018358067
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