AT Homopolymer Strings in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Subspecies I Contribute to Speciation and Serovar Diversity
Adenine and thymine homopolymer strings of at least 8 nucleotides (AT 8+mers) were characterized in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> subspecies I. The motif differed between other taxonomic classes but not between <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovars. The motif in plasmids was possi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2075 |
| _version_ | 1797513742004518912 |
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| author | Jean Guard Adam R. Rivers Justin N. Vaughn Michael J. Rothrock, Jr. Adelumola Oladeinde Devendra H. Shah |
| author_facet | Jean Guard Adam R. Rivers Justin N. Vaughn Michael J. Rothrock, Jr. Adelumola Oladeinde Devendra H. Shah |
| author_sort | Jean Guard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adenine and thymine homopolymer strings of at least 8 nucleotides (AT 8+mers) were characterized in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> subspecies I. The motif differed between other taxonomic classes but not between <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovars. The motif in plasmids was possibly associated with serovar. Approximately 12.3% of the <i>S. enterica</i> motif loci had mutations. Mutability of AT 8+mers suggests that genomes undergo frequent repair to maintain optimal gene content, and that the motif facilitates self-recognition; in addition, serovar diversity is associated with plasmid content. A theory that genome regeneration accounts for both persistence of predominant <i>Salmonella</i> serovars and serovar diversity provides a new framework for investigating root causes of foodborne illness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:21:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-28cc38083c7b46eb9f25969b15009773 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:21:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-28cc38083c7b46eb9f25969b150097732023-11-22T19:13:52ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-10-01910207510.3390/microorganisms9102075AT Homopolymer Strings in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Subspecies I Contribute to Speciation and Serovar DiversityJean Guard0Adam R. Rivers1Justin N. Vaughn2Michael J. Rothrock, Jr.3Adelumola Oladeinde4Devendra H. Shah5US Department of Agriculture, US National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USAUS Department of Agriculture, Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Gainesville, FL 32608, USAUS Department of Agriculture, US National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USAUS Department of Agriculture, US National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USAUS Department of Agriculture, US National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USADepartment of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USAAdenine and thymine homopolymer strings of at least 8 nucleotides (AT 8+mers) were characterized in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> subspecies I. The motif differed between other taxonomic classes but not between <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovars. The motif in plasmids was possibly associated with serovar. Approximately 12.3% of the <i>S. enterica</i> motif loci had mutations. Mutability of AT 8+mers suggests that genomes undergo frequent repair to maintain optimal gene content, and that the motif facilitates self-recognition; in addition, serovar diversity is associated with plasmid content. A theory that genome regeneration accounts for both persistence of predominant <i>Salmonella</i> serovars and serovar diversity provides a new framework for investigating root causes of foodborne illness.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2075<i>Salmonella enterica</i>food safetygenometheorysingle nucleotide polymorphismsrecombination |
| spellingShingle | Jean Guard Adam R. Rivers Justin N. Vaughn Michael J. Rothrock, Jr. Adelumola Oladeinde Devendra H. Shah AT Homopolymer Strings in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Subspecies I Contribute to Speciation and Serovar Diversity Microorganisms <i>Salmonella enterica</i> food safety genome theory single nucleotide polymorphisms recombination |
| title | AT Homopolymer Strings in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Subspecies I Contribute to Speciation and Serovar Diversity |
| title_full | AT Homopolymer Strings in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Subspecies I Contribute to Speciation and Serovar Diversity |
| title_fullStr | AT Homopolymer Strings in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Subspecies I Contribute to Speciation and Serovar Diversity |
| title_full_unstemmed | AT Homopolymer Strings in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Subspecies I Contribute to Speciation and Serovar Diversity |
| title_short | AT Homopolymer Strings in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Subspecies I Contribute to Speciation and Serovar Diversity |
| title_sort | at homopolymer strings in i salmonella enterica i subspecies i contribute to speciation and serovar diversity |
| topic | <i>Salmonella enterica</i> food safety genome theory single nucleotide polymorphisms recombination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2075 |
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