Effects of Resistant Starch Infusion, Solely and Mixed with Xylan or Cellulose, on Gut Microbiota Composition in Ileum-Cannulated Pigs
Fermentation of dietary fiber (DF) is beneficial for gut health, but its prebiotic effects are often impeded in the distal large intestine because of the fast degradation of fermentable substrates. One way to enhance the prebiotic effect of DF is to deliver fibers to the lower parts of the gut, whic...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-02-01
|
| Series: | Microorganisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/2/356 |
| _version_ | 1797297382657884160 |
|---|---|
| author | Yaowen Zhang Yu Bai Zhenyu Wang Hao Ye Dandan Han Jinbiao Zhao Junjun Wang Defa Li |
| author_facet | Yaowen Zhang Yu Bai Zhenyu Wang Hao Ye Dandan Han Jinbiao Zhao Junjun Wang Defa Li |
| author_sort | Yaowen Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fermentation of dietary fiber (DF) is beneficial for gut health, but its prebiotic effects are often impeded in the distal large intestine because of the fast degradation of fermentable substrates. One way to enhance the prebiotic effect of DF is to deliver fibers to the lower parts of the gut, which can be achieved by mixing different kinds of fiber. Therefore, in the present study, an ileum-cannulated pig model was employed to investigate the fermentation influence in the large intestine by infusing resistant starch solely (RS, fast fermentable fiber) and mixing with other fibers (xylan or cellulose). Twenty-four ileum-cannulated growing pigs were divided into four groups: one control group receiving saline ileal infusions and three experimental groups infused with RS, RS with xylan, or RS with cellulose. Fecal and plasma samples were analyzed for gut microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and blood biochemistry. Results indicated no significant differences between the RS and control group for the microbiome and SCFA concentration (<i>p</i> > 0.05). However, RS combined with fibers, particularly xylan, resulted in enhanced and prolonged fermentation, marked by an increase in <i>Blautia</i> and higher lactate and acetate production (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In contrast, RS with cellulose infusion enriched bacterial diversity in feces (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Blood biochemistry parameters showed no significant differences across groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05), though a trend of increased glucose levels was noted in the treatment groups (<i>p</i> < 0.1). Overall, RS alone had a limited impact on the distal hindgut microbiota due to rapid fermentation in the proximal gut, whereas combining RS with other fibers notably improved gut microecology by extending the fermentation process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:20:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-28ce0f27a9f94073bc9a453f98e02e4f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:20:35Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-28ce0f27a9f94073bc9a453f98e02e4f2024-02-23T15:28:19ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-02-0112235610.3390/microorganisms12020356Effects of Resistant Starch Infusion, Solely and Mixed with Xylan or Cellulose, on Gut Microbiota Composition in Ileum-Cannulated PigsYaowen Zhang0Yu Bai1Zhenyu Wang2Hao Ye3Dandan Han4Jinbiao Zhao5Junjun Wang6Defa Li7State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaFermentation of dietary fiber (DF) is beneficial for gut health, but its prebiotic effects are often impeded in the distal large intestine because of the fast degradation of fermentable substrates. One way to enhance the prebiotic effect of DF is to deliver fibers to the lower parts of the gut, which can be achieved by mixing different kinds of fiber. Therefore, in the present study, an ileum-cannulated pig model was employed to investigate the fermentation influence in the large intestine by infusing resistant starch solely (RS, fast fermentable fiber) and mixing with other fibers (xylan or cellulose). Twenty-four ileum-cannulated growing pigs were divided into four groups: one control group receiving saline ileal infusions and three experimental groups infused with RS, RS with xylan, or RS with cellulose. Fecal and plasma samples were analyzed for gut microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and blood biochemistry. Results indicated no significant differences between the RS and control group for the microbiome and SCFA concentration (<i>p</i> > 0.05). However, RS combined with fibers, particularly xylan, resulted in enhanced and prolonged fermentation, marked by an increase in <i>Blautia</i> and higher lactate and acetate production (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In contrast, RS with cellulose infusion enriched bacterial diversity in feces (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Blood biochemistry parameters showed no significant differences across groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05), though a trend of increased glucose levels was noted in the treatment groups (<i>p</i> < 0.1). Overall, RS alone had a limited impact on the distal hindgut microbiota due to rapid fermentation in the proximal gut, whereas combining RS with other fibers notably improved gut microecology by extending the fermentation process.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/2/356resistant starchxylancellulosegut microbiotaSCFAlarge intestine fermentation |
| spellingShingle | Yaowen Zhang Yu Bai Zhenyu Wang Hao Ye Dandan Han Jinbiao Zhao Junjun Wang Defa Li Effects of Resistant Starch Infusion, Solely and Mixed with Xylan or Cellulose, on Gut Microbiota Composition in Ileum-Cannulated Pigs Microorganisms resistant starch xylan cellulose gut microbiota SCFA large intestine fermentation |
| title | Effects of Resistant Starch Infusion, Solely and Mixed with Xylan or Cellulose, on Gut Microbiota Composition in Ileum-Cannulated Pigs |
| title_full | Effects of Resistant Starch Infusion, Solely and Mixed with Xylan or Cellulose, on Gut Microbiota Composition in Ileum-Cannulated Pigs |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Resistant Starch Infusion, Solely and Mixed with Xylan or Cellulose, on Gut Microbiota Composition in Ileum-Cannulated Pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Resistant Starch Infusion, Solely and Mixed with Xylan or Cellulose, on Gut Microbiota Composition in Ileum-Cannulated Pigs |
| title_short | Effects of Resistant Starch Infusion, Solely and Mixed with Xylan or Cellulose, on Gut Microbiota Composition in Ileum-Cannulated Pigs |
| title_sort | effects of resistant starch infusion solely and mixed with xylan or cellulose on gut microbiota composition in ileum cannulated pigs |
| topic | resistant starch xylan cellulose gut microbiota SCFA large intestine fermentation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/2/356 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yaowenzhang effectsofresistantstarchinfusionsolelyandmixedwithxylanorcelluloseongutmicrobiotacompositioninileumcannulatedpigs AT yubai effectsofresistantstarchinfusionsolelyandmixedwithxylanorcelluloseongutmicrobiotacompositioninileumcannulatedpigs AT zhenyuwang effectsofresistantstarchinfusionsolelyandmixedwithxylanorcelluloseongutmicrobiotacompositioninileumcannulatedpigs AT haoye effectsofresistantstarchinfusionsolelyandmixedwithxylanorcelluloseongutmicrobiotacompositioninileumcannulatedpigs AT dandanhan effectsofresistantstarchinfusionsolelyandmixedwithxylanorcelluloseongutmicrobiotacompositioninileumcannulatedpigs AT jinbiaozhao effectsofresistantstarchinfusionsolelyandmixedwithxylanorcelluloseongutmicrobiotacompositioninileumcannulatedpigs AT junjunwang effectsofresistantstarchinfusionsolelyandmixedwithxylanorcelluloseongutmicrobiotacompositioninileumcannulatedpigs AT defali effectsofresistantstarchinfusionsolelyandmixedwithxylanorcelluloseongutmicrobiotacompositioninileumcannulatedpigs |