Fully Superconducting Josephson Bolometers for Gigahertz Astronomy
The origin and the evolution of the universe are concealed in the evanescent diffuse extragalactic background radiation (DEBRA). To reveal these signals, the development of innovative ultra-sensitive bolometers operating in the gigahertz band is required. Here, we review the design and experimental...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/2/746 |
| _version_ | 1797411609681854464 |
|---|---|
| author | Federico Paolucci Nadia Ligato Gaia Germanese Vittorio Buccheri Francesco Giazotto |
| author_facet | Federico Paolucci Nadia Ligato Gaia Germanese Vittorio Buccheri Francesco Giazotto |
| author_sort | Federico Paolucci |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The origin and the evolution of the universe are concealed in the evanescent diffuse extragalactic background radiation (DEBRA). To reveal these signals, the development of innovative ultra-sensitive bolometers operating in the gigahertz band is required. Here, we review the design and experimental realization of two bias-current-tunable sensors based on one dimensional fully superconducting Josephson junctions: the nanoscale transition edge sensor (nano-TES) and the Josephson escape sensor (JES). In particular, we cover the theoretical basis of the sensors operation, the device fabrication, their experimental electronic and thermal characterization and the deduced detection performance. Indeed, the nano-TES promises a state-of-the-art noise equivalent power (NEP) of about <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>20</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> W<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>/</mo><msqrt><mi>Hz</mi></msqrt></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, while the JES active region is expected to show an unprecedented NEP of the order of <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>25</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> W<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>/</mo><msqrt><mi>Hz</mi></msqrt></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. Therefore, the nano-TES and JES are strong candidates to push radio astronomy to the next level. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:47:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-28d551031b8c41eaaf48a073c2fd2520 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:47:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-28d551031b8c41eaaf48a073c2fd25202023-12-03T13:13:03ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-01-0111274610.3390/app11020746Fully Superconducting Josephson Bolometers for Gigahertz AstronomyFederico Paolucci0Nadia Ligato1Gaia Germanese2Vittorio Buccheri3Francesco Giazotto4NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyNEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyNEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyNEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyNEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyThe origin and the evolution of the universe are concealed in the evanescent diffuse extragalactic background radiation (DEBRA). To reveal these signals, the development of innovative ultra-sensitive bolometers operating in the gigahertz band is required. Here, we review the design and experimental realization of two bias-current-tunable sensors based on one dimensional fully superconducting Josephson junctions: the nanoscale transition edge sensor (nano-TES) and the Josephson escape sensor (JES). In particular, we cover the theoretical basis of the sensors operation, the device fabrication, their experimental electronic and thermal characterization and the deduced detection performance. Indeed, the nano-TES promises a state-of-the-art noise equivalent power (NEP) of about <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>20</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> W<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>/</mo><msqrt><mi>Hz</mi></msqrt></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, while the JES active region is expected to show an unprecedented NEP of the order of <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>25</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> W<inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>/</mo><msqrt><mi>Hz</mi></msqrt></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. Therefore, the nano-TES and JES are strong candidates to push radio astronomy to the next level.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/2/746radio astronomyJosephson effecttransition edge sensorJosephson escape sensornanodevicesgigahertz detection |
| spellingShingle | Federico Paolucci Nadia Ligato Gaia Germanese Vittorio Buccheri Francesco Giazotto Fully Superconducting Josephson Bolometers for Gigahertz Astronomy Applied Sciences radio astronomy Josephson effect transition edge sensor Josephson escape sensor nanodevices gigahertz detection |
| title | Fully Superconducting Josephson Bolometers for Gigahertz Astronomy |
| title_full | Fully Superconducting Josephson Bolometers for Gigahertz Astronomy |
| title_fullStr | Fully Superconducting Josephson Bolometers for Gigahertz Astronomy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fully Superconducting Josephson Bolometers for Gigahertz Astronomy |
| title_short | Fully Superconducting Josephson Bolometers for Gigahertz Astronomy |
| title_sort | fully superconducting josephson bolometers for gigahertz astronomy |
| topic | radio astronomy Josephson effect transition edge sensor Josephson escape sensor nanodevices gigahertz detection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/2/746 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT federicopaolucci fullysuperconductingjosephsonbolometersforgigahertzastronomy AT nadialigato fullysuperconductingjosephsonbolometersforgigahertzastronomy AT gaiagermanese fullysuperconductingjosephsonbolometersforgigahertzastronomy AT vittoriobuccheri fullysuperconductingjosephsonbolometersforgigahertzastronomy AT francescogiazotto fullysuperconductingjosephsonbolometersforgigahertzastronomy |