Multiple Activities of the Plant Pathogen Type III Effector Proteins WtsE and AvrE Require WxxxE Motifs
The broadly conserved AvrE-family of type III effectors from gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacteria includes important virulence factors, yet little is known about the mechanisms by which these effectors function inside plant cells to promote disease. We have identified two conserved motifs in AvrE...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
The American Phytopathological Society
2009-06-01
|
| Series: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| Online Access: | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-22-6-0703 |
| _version_ | 1811291313014833152 |
|---|---|
| author | Jong Hyun Ham Doris R. Majerczak Kinya Nomura Christy Mecey Francisco Uribe Sheng-Yang He David Mackey David L. Coplin |
| author_facet | Jong Hyun Ham Doris R. Majerczak Kinya Nomura Christy Mecey Francisco Uribe Sheng-Yang He David Mackey David L. Coplin |
| author_sort | Jong Hyun Ham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The broadly conserved AvrE-family of type III effectors from gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacteria includes important virulence factors, yet little is known about the mechanisms by which these effectors function inside plant cells to promote disease. We have identified two conserved motifs in AvrE-family effectors: a WxxxE motif and a putative C-terminal endoplasmic reticulum membrane retention/retrieval signal (ERMRS). The WxxxE and ERMRS motifs are both required for the virulence activities of WtsE and AvrE, which are major virulence factors of the corn pathogen Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii and the tomato or Arabidopsis pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, respectively. The WxxxE and the predicted ERMRS motifs are also required for other biological activities of WtsE, including elicitation of the hypersensitive response in nonhost plants and suppression of defense responses in Arabidopsis. A family of type III effectors from mammalian bacterial pathogens requires WxxxE and subcellular targeting motifs for virulence functions that involve their ability to mimic activated G-proteins. The conservation of related motifs and their necessity for the function of type III effectors from plant pathogens indicates that disturbing host pathways by mimicking activated host G-proteins may be a virulence mechanism employed by plant pathogens as well. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:27:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-28de4bf753cc40dda0efa9b158586e22 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0894-0282 1943-7706 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:27:27Z |
| publishDate | 2009-06-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| spelling | doaj.art-28de4bf753cc40dda0efa9b158586e222022-12-22T03:02:26ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions0894-02821943-77062009-06-0122670371210.1094/MPMI-22-6-0703Multiple Activities of the Plant Pathogen Type III Effector Proteins WtsE and AvrE Require WxxxE MotifsJong Hyun HamDoris R. MajerczakKinya NomuraChristy MeceyFrancisco UribeSheng-Yang HeDavid MackeyDavid L. CoplinThe broadly conserved AvrE-family of type III effectors from gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacteria includes important virulence factors, yet little is known about the mechanisms by which these effectors function inside plant cells to promote disease. We have identified two conserved motifs in AvrE-family effectors: a WxxxE motif and a putative C-terminal endoplasmic reticulum membrane retention/retrieval signal (ERMRS). The WxxxE and ERMRS motifs are both required for the virulence activities of WtsE and AvrE, which are major virulence factors of the corn pathogen Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii and the tomato or Arabidopsis pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, respectively. The WxxxE and the predicted ERMRS motifs are also required for other biological activities of WtsE, including elicitation of the hypersensitive response in nonhost plants and suppression of defense responses in Arabidopsis. A family of type III effectors from mammalian bacterial pathogens requires WxxxE and subcellular targeting motifs for virulence functions that involve their ability to mimic activated G-proteins. The conservation of related motifs and their necessity for the function of type III effectors from plant pathogens indicates that disturbing host pathways by mimicking activated host G-proteins may be a virulence mechanism employed by plant pathogens as well.https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-22-6-0703 |
| spellingShingle | Jong Hyun Ham Doris R. Majerczak Kinya Nomura Christy Mecey Francisco Uribe Sheng-Yang He David Mackey David L. Coplin Multiple Activities of the Plant Pathogen Type III Effector Proteins WtsE and AvrE Require WxxxE Motifs Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| title | Multiple Activities of the Plant Pathogen Type III Effector Proteins WtsE and AvrE Require WxxxE Motifs |
| title_full | Multiple Activities of the Plant Pathogen Type III Effector Proteins WtsE and AvrE Require WxxxE Motifs |
| title_fullStr | Multiple Activities of the Plant Pathogen Type III Effector Proteins WtsE and AvrE Require WxxxE Motifs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple Activities of the Plant Pathogen Type III Effector Proteins WtsE and AvrE Require WxxxE Motifs |
| title_short | Multiple Activities of the Plant Pathogen Type III Effector Proteins WtsE and AvrE Require WxxxE Motifs |
| title_sort | multiple activities of the plant pathogen type iii effector proteins wtse and avre require wxxxe motifs |
| url | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-22-6-0703 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jonghyunham multipleactivitiesoftheplantpathogentypeiiieffectorproteinswtseandavrerequirewxxxemotifs AT dorisrmajerczak multipleactivitiesoftheplantpathogentypeiiieffectorproteinswtseandavrerequirewxxxemotifs AT kinyanomura multipleactivitiesoftheplantpathogentypeiiieffectorproteinswtseandavrerequirewxxxemotifs AT christymecey multipleactivitiesoftheplantpathogentypeiiieffectorproteinswtseandavrerequirewxxxemotifs AT franciscouribe multipleactivitiesoftheplantpathogentypeiiieffectorproteinswtseandavrerequirewxxxemotifs AT shengyanghe multipleactivitiesoftheplantpathogentypeiiieffectorproteinswtseandavrerequirewxxxemotifs AT davidmackey multipleactivitiesoftheplantpathogentypeiiieffectorproteinswtseandavrerequirewxxxemotifs AT davidlcoplin multipleactivitiesoftheplantpathogentypeiiieffectorproteinswtseandavrerequirewxxxemotifs |