Effectiveness of Preventive Therapy for Persons Exposed at Home to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Karachi, Pakistan
In Karachi, Pakistan, a South Asian megacity with a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and low HIV prevalence, we assessed the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone-based preventive therapy for drug-resistant (DR) TB exposure. During February 2016–March 2017, high-risk household contacts of DR TB patie...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/3/20-3916_article |
| _version_ | 1818918474786799616 |
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| author | Amyn A. Malik Neel R. Gandhi Timothy L. Lash Lisa M. Cranmer Saad B. Omer Junaid F. Ahmed Sara Siddiqui Farhana Amanullah Aamir J. Khan Salmaan Keshavjee Hamidah Hussain Mercedes C. Becerra |
| author_facet | Amyn A. Malik Neel R. Gandhi Timothy L. Lash Lisa M. Cranmer Saad B. Omer Junaid F. Ahmed Sara Siddiqui Farhana Amanullah Aamir J. Khan Salmaan Keshavjee Hamidah Hussain Mercedes C. Becerra |
| author_sort | Amyn A. Malik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In Karachi, Pakistan, a South Asian megacity with a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and low HIV prevalence, we assessed the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone-based preventive therapy for drug-resistant (DR) TB exposure. During February 2016–March 2017, high-risk household contacts of DR TB patients began a 6-month course of preventive therapy with a fluoroquinolone-based, 2-drug regimen. We assessed effectiveness in this cohort by comparing the rate and risk for TB disease over 2 years to the rates and risks reported in the literature. Of 172 participants, TB occurred in 2 persons over 336 person-years of observation. TB disease incidence rate observed in the cohort was 6.0/1,000 person-years. The incidence rate ratio ranged from 0.29 (95% CI 0.04–1.3) to 0.50 (95% CI 0.06–2.8), with a pooled estimate of 0.35 (95% CI 0.14–0.87). Overall, fluoroquinolone-based preventive therapy for DR TB exposure reduced risk for TB disease by 65%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T00:50:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-28e08dc51d704d12a4c9a483bbd49b31 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1080-6040 1080-6059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T00:50:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-28e08dc51d704d12a4c9a483bbd49b312022-12-21T19:59:15ZengCenters for Disease Control and PreventionEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-60592021-03-0127380581210.3201/eid2703.203916Effectiveness of Preventive Therapy for Persons Exposed at Home to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Karachi, PakistanAmyn A. MalikNeel R. GandhiTimothy L. LashLisa M. CranmerSaad B. OmerJunaid F. AhmedSara SiddiquiFarhana AmanullahAamir J. KhanSalmaan KeshavjeeHamidah HussainMercedes C. BecerraIn Karachi, Pakistan, a South Asian megacity with a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and low HIV prevalence, we assessed the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone-based preventive therapy for drug-resistant (DR) TB exposure. During February 2016–March 2017, high-risk household contacts of DR TB patients began a 6-month course of preventive therapy with a fluoroquinolone-based, 2-drug regimen. We assessed effectiveness in this cohort by comparing the rate and risk for TB disease over 2 years to the rates and risks reported in the literature. Of 172 participants, TB occurred in 2 persons over 336 person-years of observation. TB disease incidence rate observed in the cohort was 6.0/1,000 person-years. The incidence rate ratio ranged from 0.29 (95% CI 0.04–1.3) to 0.50 (95% CI 0.06–2.8), with a pooled estimate of 0.35 (95% CI 0.14–0.87). Overall, fluoroquinolone-based preventive therapy for DR TB exposure reduced risk for TB disease by 65%.https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/3/20-3916_articledrug-resistant tuberculosis infectioncontact investigationpreventive therapyfluoroquinoloneprophylaxislatent infection |
| spellingShingle | Amyn A. Malik Neel R. Gandhi Timothy L. Lash Lisa M. Cranmer Saad B. Omer Junaid F. Ahmed Sara Siddiqui Farhana Amanullah Aamir J. Khan Salmaan Keshavjee Hamidah Hussain Mercedes C. Becerra Effectiveness of Preventive Therapy for Persons Exposed at Home to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Karachi, Pakistan Emerging Infectious Diseases drug-resistant tuberculosis infection contact investigation preventive therapy fluoroquinolone prophylaxis latent infection |
| title | Effectiveness of Preventive Therapy for Persons Exposed at Home to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_full | Effectiveness of Preventive Therapy for Persons Exposed at Home to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Effectiveness of Preventive Therapy for Persons Exposed at Home to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness of Preventive Therapy for Persons Exposed at Home to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_short | Effectiveness of Preventive Therapy for Persons Exposed at Home to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_sort | effectiveness of preventive therapy for persons exposed at home to drug resistant tuberculosis karachi pakistan |
| topic | drug-resistant tuberculosis infection contact investigation preventive therapy fluoroquinolone prophylaxis latent infection |
| url | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/3/20-3916_article |
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