Searching for heavy leptophilic Z′: from lepton colliders to gravitational waves
Abstract We study the phenomenology of leptophilic Z′ gauge bosons at the future high-energy e + e − and μ + μ − colliders, as well as at the gravitational wave observatories. The leptophilic Z′ model, although well-motivated, remains largely unconstrained from current low-energy and collider search...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of High Energy Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2023)011 |
| _version_ | 1827301375572180992 |
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| author | Arnab Dasgupta P. S. Bhupal Dev Tao Han Rojalin Padhan Si Wang Keping Xie |
| author_facet | Arnab Dasgupta P. S. Bhupal Dev Tao Han Rojalin Padhan Si Wang Keping Xie |
| author_sort | Arnab Dasgupta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We study the phenomenology of leptophilic Z′ gauge bosons at the future high-energy e + e − and μ + μ − colliders, as well as at the gravitational wave observatories. The leptophilic Z′ model, although well-motivated, remains largely unconstrained from current low-energy and collider searches for Z′ masses above O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ (100 GeV), thus providing a unique opportunity for future lepton colliders. Taking U 1 L α − L β $$ \textrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\alpha }-{L}_{\beta }} $$ (α, β = e, μ, τ) models as concrete examples, we show that future e + e − and μ + μ − colliders with multi-TeV center-of-mass energies provide unprecedented sensitivity to heavy leptophilic Z′ bosons. Moreover, if these U(1) models are classically scale-invariant, the phase transition at the U(1) symmetry-breaking scale tends to be strongly first-order with ultra-supercooling, and leads to observable stochastic gravitational wave signatures. We find that the future sensitivity of gravitational wave observatories, such as advanced LIGO-VIRGO and Cosmic Explorer, can be complementary to the collider experiments, probing higher Z′ masses up to O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ (104 TeV), while being consistent with naturalness and perturbativity considerations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:22:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-28e815de8a7e4f7c9af2bcd6e4910ed8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1029-8479 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T16:22:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of High Energy Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-28e815de8a7e4f7c9af2bcd6e4910ed82024-03-31T11:08:53ZengSpringerOpenJournal of High Energy Physics1029-84792023-12-0120231215110.1007/JHEP12(2023)011Searching for heavy leptophilic Z′: from lepton colliders to gravitational wavesArnab Dasgupta0P. S. Bhupal Dev1Tao Han2Rojalin Padhan3Si Wang4Keping Xie5Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of PittsburghDepartment of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington UniversityPittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of PittsburghPittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of PittsburghPittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of PittsburghPittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of PittsburghAbstract We study the phenomenology of leptophilic Z′ gauge bosons at the future high-energy e + e − and μ + μ − colliders, as well as at the gravitational wave observatories. The leptophilic Z′ model, although well-motivated, remains largely unconstrained from current low-energy and collider searches for Z′ masses above O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ (100 GeV), thus providing a unique opportunity for future lepton colliders. Taking U 1 L α − L β $$ \textrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\alpha }-{L}_{\beta }} $$ (α, β = e, μ, τ) models as concrete examples, we show that future e + e − and μ + μ − colliders with multi-TeV center-of-mass energies provide unprecedented sensitivity to heavy leptophilic Z′ bosons. Moreover, if these U(1) models are classically scale-invariant, the phase transition at the U(1) symmetry-breaking scale tends to be strongly first-order with ultra-supercooling, and leads to observable stochastic gravitational wave signatures. We find that the future sensitivity of gravitational wave observatories, such as advanced LIGO-VIRGO and Cosmic Explorer, can be complementary to the collider experiments, probing higher Z′ masses up to O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ (104 TeV), while being consistent with naturalness and perturbativity considerations.https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2023)011New Gauge InteractionsPhase Transitions in the Early Universe |
| spellingShingle | Arnab Dasgupta P. S. Bhupal Dev Tao Han Rojalin Padhan Si Wang Keping Xie Searching for heavy leptophilic Z′: from lepton colliders to gravitational waves Journal of High Energy Physics New Gauge Interactions Phase Transitions in the Early Universe |
| title | Searching for heavy leptophilic Z′: from lepton colliders to gravitational waves |
| title_full | Searching for heavy leptophilic Z′: from lepton colliders to gravitational waves |
| title_fullStr | Searching for heavy leptophilic Z′: from lepton colliders to gravitational waves |
| title_full_unstemmed | Searching for heavy leptophilic Z′: from lepton colliders to gravitational waves |
| title_short | Searching for heavy leptophilic Z′: from lepton colliders to gravitational waves |
| title_sort | searching for heavy leptophilic z from lepton colliders to gravitational waves |
| topic | New Gauge Interactions Phase Transitions in the Early Universe |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2023)011 |
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